Evolution of amoxicillin/clavulanate in the treatment of adults with acute bacterial rhinosinusitis and community-acquired pneumonia in response to antimicrobial-resistance patterns.

Title

Evolution of amoxicillin/clavulanate in the treatment of adults with acute bacterial rhinosinusitis and community-acquired pneumonia in response to antimicrobial-resistance patterns.

Creator

File Thomas M Jr; Benninger Michael S; Jacobs Michael R

Publisher

Clinics in Laboratory Medicine

Date

2004
2004-06

Description

Current treatment guidelines for community-acquired respiratory tract infections no longer depend solely on the characteristics of the patient and the clinical syndrome, but on those of the offending pathogen, including presence and level of antimicrobial resistance. The most common respiratory tract pathogens known to cause acute bacterial rhinosinusitis (ABRS) and community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) include Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae. The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance, especially b-lactum and macrolide resistance, among S pneumoniae and H influenzae has increased dramatically during the past 2 decades, diminishing the activity of many older antimicrobials against resistant organisms. A pharmacokinetically enhanced formulation of amoxicillin/clavulanate has been developed to fulfill the need for an oral b-lactam antimicrobial that achieves a greater time that the serum drug concentration exceeds the minimum inhibitory concentration (T \textgreater MIC) of antimicrobials against pathogens than conventional formulations to improve activity against S pneumoniae with reduced susceptibility to penicillin. The b-lactamase inhibitor clavulanate allows for coverage of b-lactamase-producing pathogens, such as H influenzae and M catarrhalis. This article reviews the rationale for, and evolution of, oral amoxicillin clavulanate for ABRS and CAP

Subject

Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination/*therapeutic use; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology; Bacteria/drug effects/isolation & purification; Bacterial; Combination/*therapeutic use; Community-Acquired Infections/drug therapy/microbiology; Drug Resistance; Drug Therapy; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Pneumonia/*drug therapy/microbiology; Sinusitis/*drug therapy/microbiology

Rights

Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).

Pages

531–551

Issue

2

Volume

24

Citation

File Thomas M Jr; Benninger Michael S; Jacobs Michael R, “Evolution of amoxicillin/clavulanate in the treatment of adults with acute bacterial rhinosinusitis and community-acquired pneumonia in response to antimicrobial-resistance patterns.,” NEOMED Bibliography Database, accessed March 28, 2024, https://neomed.omeka.net/items/show/3530.