Cardiac mitochondria and reactive oxygen species generation.
Title
Cardiac mitochondria and reactive oxygen species generation.
Creator
Chen Yeong-Renn; Zweier Jay L
Publisher
Circulation research
Date
2014
2014-01
Description
Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) have emerged as an important mechanism of disease and redox signaling in the cardiovascular system. Under basal or pathological conditions, electron leakage for ROS production is primarily mediated by the electron transport chain and the proton motive force consisting of a membrane potential (DeltaPsi) and a proton gradient (DeltapH). Several factors controlling ROS production in the mitochondria include flavin mononucleotide and flavin mononucleotide-binding domain of complex I, ubisemiquinone and quinone-binding domain of complex I, flavin adenine nucleotide-binding moiety and quinone-binding pocket of complex II, and unstable semiquinone mediated by the Q cycle of complex III. In mitochondrial complex I, specific cysteinyl redox domains modulate ROS production from the flavin mononucleotide moiety and iron-sulfur clusters. In the cardiovascular system, mitochondrial ROS have been linked to mediating the physiological effects of metabolic dilation and preconditioning-like mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channel activation. Furthermore, oxidative post-translational modification by glutathione in complex I and complex II has been shown to affect enzymatic catalysis, protein-protein interactions, and enzyme-mediated ROS production. Conditions associated with oxidative or nitrosative stress, such as myocardial ischemia and reperfusion, increase mitochondrial ROS production via oxidative injury of complexes I and II and superoxide anion radical-induced hydroxyl radical production by aconitase. Further insight into cellular mechanisms by which specific redox post-translational modifications regulate ROS production in the mitochondria will enrich our understanding of redox signal transduction and identify new therapeutic targets for cardiovascular diseases in which oxidative stress perturbs normal redox signaling.
Subject
Animals; Cardiac/*metabolism; Cardiovascular Diseases/*metabolism; electron transport chain complex proteins; Heart/*metabolism; Humans; Membrane Potentials/physiology; mitochondria; Mitochondria; myocardial infarction; Myocytes; reactive oxygen species; Reactive Oxygen Species/*metabolism; Signal Transduction/physiology
Identifier
Rights
Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Citation
Chen Yeong-Renn; Zweier Jay L, “Cardiac mitochondria and reactive oxygen species generation.,” NEOMED Bibliography Database, accessed April 25, 2024, https://neomed.omeka.net/items/show/4748.