Browse Items (9303 total)

Acral lentiginous melanoma (ALM) is a subtype of cutaneous melanoma notorious for poor outcomes that disproportionately affect individuals with skin of color (e.g., African-, Hispanic-, Asian-descent) when compared to mortality rates among…

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The amygdala, a brain center of emotional expression, contributes to appropriate behavior responses during acoustic communication. In support of that role, the basolateral amygdala (BLA) analyzes the meaning of vocalizations through integration of…

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6GR_Formatted_FORUPLOAD.pdf
Schizophrenia is a devastating mental illness that afflicts about 1% of the world’s population. This illness distorts a person’s perception of reality and consists of positive symptoms such as hallucinations and delusions, negative symptoms such as…

Standard JMS Article Final_10SK_Formatted_FORUPLOAD.pdf
This present review focuses on evaluating works investigating potential risk factors for child abuse. Child abuse is a complex issue, which has many contributing risk factors. Child abuse encompasses physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional abuse, and…

Standard JMS Article Final_4JM_FormattedFORUPLOAD.pdf
This perspective piece discusses the important role donation of prescription medication from the private sector plays in the financial health of Ohio’s free clinics and the patients they serve. It also discusses recent changes in Ohio’s nursing home…

Standard JMS Article Final_9AA_Formatted_FORUPLOAD.pdf
When compared to the general population, healthcare students have been shown to have significantly higher rates of burnout, depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation. However, there is limited data regarding mental health, access to mental health…

Standard JMS Article Final_3EM_Formatted_FORUPLOAD.pdf
A non-beneficial treatment is defined as when a physician decides that the patient’s prognosis of a medical illness or injury, cannot be altered by a certain form of treatment.1 No medical therapy can improve the patient’s prognosis or condition. The…

N-acyl taurines (NATs) are bioactive lipids with emerging roles in glucose homeostasis and lipid metabolism. The acyl-chains of hepatic and biliary NATs are enriched in poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Dietary supplementation with a class of…

Background: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a well-known, potentially fatal complication of diabetes. The American Diabetes Association hyperglycemic crises guidelines suggest the use of intravenous insulin in patients presenting with DKA, along with…

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Disclaimer: In an effort to expedite the publication of articles, AJHP is posting manuscripts online as soon as possible after acceptance. Accepted manuscripts have been peer-reviewed and copyedited, but are posted online before technical formatting…

Background: Spontaneous hyphema is the rare occurrence of hemorrhage within the anterior chamber of the eye without a predisposing traumatic event. Hyphema can be associated with acute elevations in intraocular pressure in up to 30% of cases, which…

Objective: Low-dose computed tomography has been proven to reduce mortality, yet utilization remains low. The purpose of this study is to identify factors that impact the utilization of lung cancer screening.

Methods: We performed a retrospective…

Background and hypothesis: There is growing appreciation for the contribution of sensory disruptions to disease morbidity in psychosis. The present study examined auditory cortex (AC) dynamic range: the scaling of neurophysiological responses to…

Background: Hospitalized children with acute kidney injury (AKI) have not been extensively studied for clinical outcomes including hospital stay, the need for mechanical ventilation, mortality rates, and healthcare utilization. We hypothesize…

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Background: Emergency departments (EDs) play a critical role in the US healthcare system. As freestanding EDs (FSEDs) are integrated into the acute care landscape, local EMS providers are transporting to these facilities, which may be closer in…

Using qualitative methods, we examine telehealth care quality from the perspective of parents of pediatric patients during a pandemic. We fill a gap in the literature essential for measuring effectiveness of pediatric telehealth. A total of 22…

Introduction: Research productivity is critical for matching into integrated plastic surgery residency. This study will identify how pre and intraresidency research productivity correlate with resident/junior attending productivity.

Materials and…

Background: Disparities in diagnosis persist among persons living with dementia (PLWD); most research on delayed diagnosis relies on medical records or administrative claims. This study aimed to identify factors that delay or facilitate dementia…

The U.S. is experiencing an epidemic of type 2 diabetes. Socioeconomically disadvantaged and certain racial and ethnic groups experience a disproportionate burden from diabetes and are subject to disparities in treatment and outcomes. The National…

Purpose: The expanded use of clinical tools that incorporate artificial intelligence (AI) methods has generated calls for specific competencies for effective and ethical use. This qualitative study used expert interviews to define AI-related clinical…

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Background: In the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, medical students and residents in the U.S. and globally have gained more exposure to teledermatology, both for the purposes of clinical practice and education.

Objective: We conducted a…

Many clinical trials have attempted to use stem cells to treat ischemic heart diseases (IHD), but the benefits have been modest. Though coronary collaterals can be a "natural bypass" for IHD patients, the regulation of coronary collateral growth…

The ongoing spread of antimicrobial resistance has made the treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTIs) and urogenital gonorrhoea increasingly difficult. New oral treatment options are urgently needed. Gepotidacin (previously…

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Objectives: The ways in which children understand dying and death remain poorly understood; most studies have been carried out with samples other than persons with an illness. The objective of this study was to understand the process by which…

The utilization of the Papanicolaou (Pap) test and the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine has significantly decreased rates of cervical cancer and related mortality. Disparities in receiving these preventive screenings are scarcely studied in Muslim…

Nevus sebaceus (NS) is a cutaneous hamartoma typically found on the head and neck, with a prevalence of 0.3% in newborns. Most NS are quiescent; however, benign and malignant lesions have been reported to arise within these nevi. Malignant…

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Background: Given emerging evidence of rapid non-genomic cytoprotective effects of triiodothyronine (T3), we evaluated the resuscitative efficacy of two nanoparticle formulations of T3 (T3np) designed to prolong cell membrane receptor-mediated…

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of intrathecal morphine following selective dorsal rhizotomy in pediatric patients previously diagnosed with cerebral palsy.

Methods: This was a retrospective, cohort analysis…

Background: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and corresponding acute respiratory syndrome have affected all populations and led to millions of deaths worldwide. The pandemic disproportionately affected immunocompromised and immunosuppressed adult patients who…

Background: Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are clinically aggressive soft tissue sarcomas that can present as cutaneous or subcutaneous based tumors that are commonly associated with neurofibromatosis type 1. Historically, these…

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has been challenging for healthcare systems in the United States and globally. Understanding how the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted emergency departments (EDs) and patient outcomes in a large integrated healthcare…

Background: Cancer is the leading cause of death for Hispanics in the USA. Screening and prevention reduce cancer morbidity and mortality.

Methods: This study administered a cross-sectional web-based survey to self-identified Hispanic residents in…

Background: Vitamin B12, or cobalamin, is a nutrient that is vital for metabolic function. Absorption of ingested B12 is dependent on intrinsic factor, which is secreted by parietal cells within the stomach. Pernicious anemia is caused by an…

Metaplastic synovial cysts are a rare clinical finding, with less than 70 cases diagnosed to date. These cysts are painful and can greatly impact patients' quality of life. The goal of this case report is to describe the manifestations of these cysts…

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Despite progress in reperfusion therapy, functional recovery remains suboptimal in many stroke patients, with oxidative stress, inflammation, dysbiosis, and secondary neurodegeneration constituting the major hurdles to recovery. The essential trace…

Background: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is among the most common inherited kidney diseases. Hypertension is a frequent cardiovascular manifestation, especially in adults, but elevated blood pressure is also found in children…

Cardiac diseases form the lion's share of the global disease burden, owing to the paradigm shift to non-infectious diseases from infectious ones. The prevalence of CVDs has nearly doubled, increasing from 271 million in 1990 to 523 million in 2019.…

Introduction: Current decision tools to guide trauma computed tomography (CT) imaging were not validated for use in older patients. We hypothesized that specific clinical variables would be predictive of injury and could be used to guide imaging in…

Since the first Federal Commission on Diabetes issued its report in 1975, the diabetes epidemic in the U.S. has accelerated, and efforts to translate advances in diabetes treatment into routine clinical practice have stalled. In 2021, the National…

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