Browse Items (9338 total)

BACKGROUND: Since the onset of COVID-19 in March 2020, anecdotally many pediatric endocrinologists felt there had been a shift in the age of diagnosis of new onset type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) to younger children, however there is limited data…

BACKGROUND: Adolescent depression is a prevalent psychiatric illness, with recent data showing that 16.4% of youth ages 12-17 in the United States experienced at least one episode of major depressive disorder (MDD) in 20226. MDD in adolescents is…

BACKGROUND: 11-month-old vaccinated male directly admitted by his primary physician for multifocal pneumonia and pleural effusion in the setting of recurrent infection and weight loss. His infectious history was notable for chronic cough, acute…

BACKGROUND: Approximately 64% of the US population has been exposed to at least one adverse childhood experience (ACE) before age 18.1,2 Youth exposed to ACEs are at greater risk for increased suicidal ideation (SI) and non-suicidal self-injury…

BACKGROUND: Lumbar punctures (LP) in infants are a common procedure in the emergency department. Research has shown that LPs performed without ultrasound guidance have lower rates of success than those performed with ultrasound. A critical step for…

BACKGROUND: Pediatric residents require more in-depth training in general ambulatory pediatrics. Creating a curriculum to help address common scenarios, patient visits, procedures and requirements necessary in the ambulatory setting will help…

INTRODUCTION: Over the past two decades, healthcare spending has increased, with a third of it on low-value care practices. Prior studies on resource utilization in the diagnostic work-up and management of febrile infants

BACKGROUND: 15-year-old female presented with bilateral severe thigh pain for 3 days. She described the pain as “squeezing,” unresponsive to over-the-counter pain medication, with no precipitating or relieving factors. No history of fever, headache,…

This research study seeks to understand the risk factors and prevalence of cardiovascular disease in Ohio. A comprehensive investigation on heart disease will be conducted, encompassing geographical distribution, prevalence and the policies and…

The Pew Research Center reported in 2022 that about half of Hispanics surveyed state that less access to quality medical care is a major reason for worse health outcomes in their population. Just under half cite communication challenges in the health…

This systematic review aims to explore disparities associated with age and skin color in the diagnosis of hypopigmented mycosis fungoides (HMF). HMF is a rare subtype of mycosis fungoides that is histopathologically indistinct from classic mycosis…

Approximately 6.5 million Americans suffer from some form of intellectual disability (ID). Non-syndromic autosomal-recessive intellectual disability (NSARID) is a form of intellectual disability which develops due to mutations in the trafficking…

Gross anatomy is traditionally taught through cadaveric dissection. However, anatomical models and textbooks do not capture congenital or pathological variation of individuals, posing a challenge to student dissectors who are tasked with learning…

Studies show that 1/32 of patients admitted to a hospital in the United States will develop a hospital acquired infection (HAI) and that 1/10 of these infections will be terminal. 70% of these occurrences were considered preventable. HAIs create…

Doxorubicin is an anthracycline class chemotherapeutic agent that is used alone or in conjunction with other medications to treat various types of cancer. Doxorubicin works by slowing or stopping the growth of cancer cells due to its toxic effects…

Birds achieve remarkably energy-efficient flight across a range of speeds, and a major contributing factor seems to be changing wing shape in flight. Maintaining muscle tissue in the wing’s distal parts incurs an inertial cost, but birds retain…

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD), the chronic movement of stomach contents into the esophagus, causes feeding difficulties among infants, impeding proper nutrient intake. Existing brainstem connections among the oral cavity, pharynx and…

Studies show that dietary intake substantially impacts cardiovascular health, leading further research investigating the molecular basis and response to different diets. This study explores the effect of miR-21 expression on coronary blood flow (CBF)…

Opioid use disorder (OUD) has increased in diagnosis in the last decade in the United States, alongside the use of medication assisted treatments (MAT). Since a large population of breastfeeding mothers are participating in MATs, the question of drug…

Timely access to neoadjuvant and surgical intervention is critical for breast cancer patients, as delays in treatment can impact disease progression and overall outcomes. This quality improvement study aimed to evaluate and optimize the process of…

Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) must be treated under crucial time-constraints. Multiple previous studies with a smartphone system revealed a significant reduction in door to needle (DTN) time for tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) post implementation.…

Diet and lifestyle modifications are the first step in management of many chronic health complications associated with obesity, but, at the Ohio State University Outpatient Care Upper Arlington office, referral rates to the dietitian are markedly…

An otherwise healthy 35-year-old male presenting with signs of unilateral optic neuropathy consistent with non-arteritic ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) related to over-the-counter use of erectile dysfunction (ED) supplements. The patient has been…

Internal carotid artery dissection is a dangerous condition caused by a separation of the intimal layers of the artery, potentially compromising blood flow distally to the dissection. This process can occur from mechanical forces, arteriopathies, or…

Cell-surface integrins play important roles in neuroplasticity, and prior research suggests that dysfunction of αVβ integrins can facilitate beta-amyloid and tau protein pathology accumulation in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Thus, understanding the…

Coffin-Lowry Syndrome (CLS) is a rare X-linked genetic disorder characterized by intellectual disabilities, facial dysmorphism, and cardiac abnormality. Anesthetic management of individuals with CLS can be complex due to difficult airway management.…

It has been noted that structural and functional changes in the visual pathway are associated with Alzheimer’s diseases (AD). The retina has been postulated as one of the earliest neural structures affected in AD. Thus, the optic disc and nerve head…

ERAS protocols have been used to improve patients’ outcomes and satisfaction across a spectrum of different surgical procedures. We report the results of a Quality project where we implemented an ERAS protocol on our pediatric patients undergoing…

Infant feeding is a complex process involving the integration of oral sensation to modulate feeding physiology. The inferior alveolar nerve and the mental nerves (CN V3) are an important source of oral sensation and provide sensation to the lower…

There is a well-documented shortage of physicians in rural areas, and since research has shown that medical students from rural areas are more likely to return to rural areas to practice, one of the potential solutions to the healthcare shortage is…

Lacking healthy food options can contribute to multiple preventable health conditions. Some studies show the prevalence of food insecurity in serious mental illness (SMI) patients is 71% compared to 13% in the general population. Food insecurity has…

People incarcerated in prison experience high rates of psychiatric and chronic health conditions, yet little is known about how formerly incarcerated individuals experience prison healthcare services. While the punitive system in the United States…

During infant feeding, afferent signals from the oral cavity are carried to the brainstem to alter sucking motor outputs. When sensation to the palate is disrupted, dysfunctional feeding behaviors occur, while upregulated oropharyngeal sensation with…

Homelessness and housing instability are social determinants of health. This study explored the prevalence of housing instability among people with serious mental illness and its correlates with health behaviors (e.g., physical activity) and health…

Early life stress (ELS) affects attention and learning, along with the balance of excitation and inhibition in neural regions that mediate these behaviors. We have shown that ELS in Mongolian gerbils also impairs the perception of rapidly changing…

Non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE), or Marantic Endocarditis, is a rare and complex condition characterized by a spectrum of non-infectious lesions of the heart valves, most commonly the mitral and aortic valves. While the pathogenesis is…

Sexual assault is prevalent on U.S. academic campuses, with 13% of students experiencing rape or sexual assault,1 even with Title IX programming and support.2 We sought to understand health professional student experiences (e.g. assault/reporting…

Myxedema coma is a severe expression of longstanding uncontrolled hypothyroidism. Myxedema coma can be life-threatening and affects a multitude of organs, such as the heart, lungs, and kidneys. Patients typically present with altered mental status…

The curry spice, turmeric, is used to provide color and flavor to food, as well as for its health benefits. Turmeric contains many polyphenolic compounds known as curcuminoids, with curcumin being the most prominent curcuminoid. In this perspective,…

Neck pain is an orthopedic condition for which physicians commonly refer to physical therapy (PT). Limited data exists on the extent of knowledge among referring physicians regarding PT clinical practice guideline (CPG) interventions. Our hypothesis…