Brain Macrostructural And Microstructural Abnormalities In Cocaine Dependence

Title

Brain Macrostructural And Microstructural Abnormalities In Cocaine Dependence

Creator

Lim K O; Wozniak J R; Mueller B A; Franc D T; Specker S M; Rodriguez C P; Silverman A B; Rotrosen J P

Publisher

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

Date

2008
2008-01

Description

Rationale: Two previous studies have utilized diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to examine microstructural integrity in cocaine abuse and found 41 evidence of brain abnormalities in white matter. Objective: Using anatomical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), DTI, and clinical evaluation, the macrostructural and microstructural correlates of cocaine abuse were investigated. Methods: Twenty-one men and women (mean age 42.5 and mean 18.9 years of cocaine use) and 21 age/gender-matched controls were included. Fractional anisotropy (FA) was measured in frontal white matter ROIs. Gray and white matter volumes in superior and inferior frontal regions were compared. Results: DTI data revealed that cocaine users had lower FA than controls, specifically in inferior frontal white matter. FA differences were not seen in other areas. Significant volumetric differences were not seen, but both gray and white matter inferior frontal volumes trended toward smaller in the cocaine group. The data suggested that duration of use was associated with decreased gray and white matter volumes. FA and gray matter volume were correlated in cocaine users. Conclusions: Both macrostructural and microstructural abnormalities were seen in a group of cocaine abusers. Length of cocaine use was associated with severity of the brain abnormalities. Future studies of white matter tissue integrity are warranted including examination of the relationship between DTI measures and traditional volumetric measures. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Subject

abstinent; abuse; addiction; alcohol; brain; chronic cerebral hypoperfusion; cocaine; dependence; diffusion tensor imaging (DTI); drug-abuse; gerbil brain; magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); prefrontal cortex; Psychiatry; schizophrenia; Substance Abuse; users; white-matter integrity

Format

Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication

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Rights

Article information provided for research and reference use only. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).

Pages

164-172

Issue

1

Volume

92

Citation

Lim K O; Wozniak J R; Mueller B A; Franc D T; Specker S M; Rodriguez C P; Silverman A B; Rotrosen J P, “Brain Macrostructural And Microstructural Abnormalities In Cocaine Dependence,” NEOMED Bibliography Database, accessed March 19, 2024, https://neomed.omeka.net/items/show/10763.