A comparison of EMLA cream versus nitrous oxide for pediatric venous cannulation.

A comparison of EMLA cream versus nitrous oxide for pediatric venous cannulation.

Vetter T R

Journal of clinical anesthesia

1995

1995-09

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To compare the analgesic and anxiolytic effects of nitrous oxide (N2O) when inhaled by face mask with those of a cutaneous application of a eutectic mixture of local anesthetics (EMLA) cream with lidocaine and prilocaine during pre-operative venous cannulation in children. DESIGN: Prospective, randomized study. SETTING: Outpatient presurgical area and operating rooms of a freestanding children's hospital. PATIENTS: 50 unpremedicated ASA status I and II outpatients, aged 6 to 12 years, undergoing an elective surgical procedure. INTERVENTIONS: Each patient received either 70% N2O in 30% oxygen (O2) administered by face mask for 120 seconds or an application of 2.5 g of EMLA cream under an occlusive dressing for a minimum of 60 minutes. All patients then underwent a single attempt at venous cannulation in the dorsum of the hand with a

Administration; Analgesics; Anesthetics; Anxiety/prevention & control; Catheterization; Child; Drug Combinations; Humans; Lidocaine; Lidocaine/administration & dosage/*therapeutic use; Local/administration & dosage/*therapeutic use; Nitrous Oxide/administration & dosage/*therapeutic use; Non-Narcotic/administration & dosage/*therapeutic use; Pain Measurement; Pain/*prevention & control; Peripheral/*adverse effects; Prilocaine Drug Combination; Prilocaine/administration & dosage/*therapeutic use; Topical

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