Cardiovascular Effects of Exposure to Cigarette Smoke and Electronic Cigarettes: Clinical Perspectives From the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease Section Leadership Council and Early Career Councils of the American College of Cardiology.

Cardiovascular Effects of Exposure to Cigarette Smoke and Electronic Cigarettes: Clinical Perspectives From the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease Section Leadership Council and Early Career Councils of the American College of Cardiology.

Morris Pamela B; Ference Brian A; Jahangir Eiman; Feldman Dmitriy N; Ryan John J; Bahrami Hossein; El-Chami Mikhael F; Bhakta Shyam; Winchester David E; Al-Mallah Mouaz H; Sanchez Shields Monica; Deedwania Prakash; Mehta Laxmi S; Phan Binh An P; Benowitz Neal L

Journal of the American College of Cardiology

2015

2015-09

Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality as a result of inhaled tobacco products continues to be a global healthcare crisis, particularly in low- and middle-income nations lacking the infrastructure to develop and implement effective public health policies limiting tobacco use. Following initiation of public awareness campaigns 50 years ago in the United States, considerable success has been achieved in reducing the prevalence of cigarette smoking and exposure to secondhand smoke. However, there has been a slowing of cessation rates in the United States during recent years, possibly caused by high residual addiction or fatigue from cessation messaging. Furthermore, tobacco products have continued to evolve faster than the scientific understanding of their biological effects. This review considers selected updates on the genetics and epigenetics of smoking behavior and associated cardiovascular risk, mechanisms of atherogenesis and thrombosis, clinical effects of smoking and benefits of cessation, and potential impact of electronic cigarettes on cardiovascular health.

atherogenesis; Cardiovascular Diseases – Etiology; Cardiovascular Diseases/*etiology; Electronic Cigarettes – Adverse Effects; Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems/*adverse effects; Epigenesis; Genes; Genetic; genetic and epigenetic effects; Humans; Impact of Events Scale; Scales; smoke-free legislation; Smoking – Complications; Smoking – Legislation and Jurisprudence – United States; Smoking Cessation; Smoking/*adverse effects/legislation & jurisprudence; thrombosis; tobacco cessation; United States

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1378–1391

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