Introduction: Social support is a key protective factor in the psychological adjustment of individuals to traumatic events. However, since March 2020, extant research has revealed evidence of increased loneliness, social isolation, and disconnection,…
Background: Antithrombin (AT) activity is reduced during cardiac operations with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), which is associated with adverse outcomes. Preoperative AT supplementation, to achieve >58% and
Damage to the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) caused by supraphysiological compression or tension imposed by adjacent tissue structures, such as the aorta, may contribute to onset of idiopathic unilateral vocal fold paralysis (iUVP) resulting in…
Background: Breast ultrasound identifies additional carcinomas not detected in mammography but has a higher rate of false-positive findings. We evaluated whether use of intelligent multi-modal shear wave elastography (SWE) can reduce the number of…
Background: Uncorrected obesity facilitates premature aging and cardiovascular anomalies. This study examined the interaction between obesity and aging on cardiac remodeling and contractile function.
Background: Current American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association/Heart Rhythm Society (ACC/AHA/HRS) and European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines recommend different strategies to avoid low-yield admissions in patients with…
Background: Comparison of bolus gastric feeding (BGF) vs continuous gastric feeding (CGF) with respect to timing and delivery of energy and protein in mechanically ventilated (MV) pediatric patients has not been investigated. We hypothesized that…
Objectives: AI-based algorithms for medical image analysis showed comparable performance to human image readers. However, in practice, diagnoses are made using multiple imaging modalities alongside other data sources. We determined the importance of…
Cellular communication in the mechanosensory osteocyte Lacuno-Canalicular Network (LCN) regulates bone tissue remodeling throughout life. Age-associated declines in LCN size and connectivity dysregulate mechanosensitivity to localized remodeling…
Background and aims: Rectovaginal fistula occurs in up to 10-20% of women with Crohn's disease, significantly affecting their quality of life. We sought to determine outcomes of single and repeat operative interventions.
Peripheral nerve blocks for pain management have historically been discussed in anesthesiology literature but, until recently, have not been considered in emergency medicine contexts. Transversus abdominis plane (TAP) blocks, in particular, have…
Residency programs that effectively utilize social media (SoMe) have the potential to distinguish themselves and improve their resident recruitment. These platforms allow programs to connect with applicants they otherwise might have limited ability…
Objectives: Final conversations (FCs) go beyond how patients want to be cared for at the end of life (EOL) and focus on messages of love, identity specific, and unique to an individual and relationship that requires self-examination, everyday talk…
Objective: To evaluate the quality of the evidence on the incidence of sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) and sudden cardiac death (SCD) in athletes and military members and estimate the annual incidence of SCA and SCD.
Background: Acute chest syndrome (ACS) is a leading cause of death in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). Lung ultrasound (LUS) is emerging as a point-of-care method to diagnose ACS, allowing for more rapid diagnosis in the emergency room…
Background: Post-traumatic epidural hematoma (EDH) accounts for 1-3% of pediatric closed head injury admissions. There is a 2.5:1 male predominance. Etiology varies by age; motor vehicle collisions are the primary cause of EDH in adolescents.…
Background: Shear wave elastography (SWE) and strain elastography (SE) have shown promising potential in breast cancer diagnostics by evaluating the stiffness of a lesion. Combining these two techniques could further improve the diagnostic…
Mast cells (MCs) develop from hematopoietic progenitors and differentiate into mature MCs that reside within connective or mucosal tissues. Though the number of MCs in tissues usually remains constant, inflammation and asthma disturb this…
Sound localization critically relies on brainstem neurons that compare information from the two ears. The conventional role of the lateral superior olive (LSO) is extraction of intensity differences; however, it is increasingly clear that relative…
Objectives: People with mental illnesses are overrepresented in the U.S. prison population. It is well established that incarceration for this population poses physical and mental health risks including greater likelihood of victimization and suicide…
Objective: To evaluate the experiences and preferences of ophthalmology residency applicants and program directors (PDs), with emphasis on the effect of COVID-19 as well as recent changes on the application process.
Introduction: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) amplifies the risks of atherosclerosis. Despite well-known sexual dimorphism in atherosclerosis, underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Our previous findings highlight a proatherogenic protein,…
Objective: To determine whether the L3-L4 disc angle may be a surrogate marker for global lumbar alignment in thoracolumbar fusion surgery and to explore the relationship between radiographic and patient-reported outcomes after thoracolumbar fusion…
Objectives: The BI-RADS classification provides a standardized way to describe ultrasound findings in breast cancer diagnostics. However, there is little information regarding which BI-RADS descriptors are most strongly associated with malignancy, to…
Background: Studies involving the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) liraglutide have shown reductions in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), weight, and insulin requirements in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) requiring high-dose…
Background: The interaction of aging-related, genetic, and environmental factors is thought to contribute to the etiology of late-onset, sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD). We previously reported that serum levels of…
Background: Despite extensive research into acute kidney injury (AKI) in adults, research into the epidemiology, associated risk factors, treatment, and mortality of AKI in pediatric COVID-19 patients is understudied. Advancing understanding of this…
Skeletal fluorosis is a long-term bone disease that develops when prolonged fluoride toxicity leads to osteosclerosis and bone deformities that result in crippling pain and debility. The disease is endemic to many countries due to environmental or…
Introduction: The sheep was evaluated as a potential model for preclinical evaluation of urethral slings in vivo based on: (1) anatomical measurements of the sheep vagina and (2) histological tissue integration and host response to polypropylene (PP)…
At the level of the whole muscle, contractile patterns during activity are a critical and necessary source of variation in function. Understanding if a muscle is actively lengthening, shorting, or remaining isometric has implications for how it is…
Arboreal environments require overcoming navigational challenges not typically encountered in other terrestrial habitats. Supports are unevenly distributed and vary in diameter, orientation, and compliance. To better understand the strategies that…
Carboxylesterase 1 (CES1) is the predominant carboxylesterase in the human liver, involved in metabolism of both xenobiotics and endogenous substrates. Genetic or epigenetic factors that alter CES1 activity or expression are associated with changes…
Background: Little evidence is available regarding the choice of empiric antibiotic therapy in elderly patients with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). The primary objective of this study is to compare the outcomes…
Background: This study was aimed at assessing the associations of sarcopenia, muscle density, adiposity, and inflammation with overall survival (OS) after cytoreductive nephrectomy (CN) for metastatic renal cell carcinoma.
