Cellular communication in the mechanosensory osteocyte Lacuno-Canalicular Network (LCN) regulates bone tissue remodeling throughout life. Age-associated declines in LCN size and connectivity dysregulate mechanosensitivity to localized remodeling…
Background and aims: Rectovaginal fistula occurs in up to 10-20% of women with Crohn's disease, significantly affecting their quality of life. We sought to determine outcomes of single and repeat operative interventions.
Peripheral nerve blocks for pain management have historically been discussed in anesthesiology literature but, until recently, have not been considered in emergency medicine contexts. Transversus abdominis plane (TAP) blocks, in particular, have…
Residency programs that effectively utilize social media (SoMe) have the potential to distinguish themselves and improve their resident recruitment. These platforms allow programs to connect with applicants they otherwise might have limited ability…
Objectives: Final conversations (FCs) go beyond how patients want to be cared for at the end of life (EOL) and focus on messages of love, identity specific, and unique to an individual and relationship that requires self-examination, everyday talk…
Objective: To evaluate the quality of the evidence on the incidence of sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) and sudden cardiac death (SCD) in athletes and military members and estimate the annual incidence of SCA and SCD.
Background: Acute chest syndrome (ACS) is a leading cause of death in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). Lung ultrasound (LUS) is emerging as a point-of-care method to diagnose ACS, allowing for more rapid diagnosis in the emergency room…
Background: Post-traumatic epidural hematoma (EDH) accounts for 1-3% of pediatric closed head injury admissions. There is a 2.5:1 male predominance. Etiology varies by age; motor vehicle collisions are the primary cause of EDH in adolescents.…
Background: Shear wave elastography (SWE) and strain elastography (SE) have shown promising potential in breast cancer diagnostics by evaluating the stiffness of a lesion. Combining these two techniques could further improve the diagnostic…
Mast cells (MCs) develop from hematopoietic progenitors and differentiate into mature MCs that reside within connective or mucosal tissues. Though the number of MCs in tissues usually remains constant, inflammation and asthma disturb this…
Sound localization critically relies on brainstem neurons that compare information from the two ears. The conventional role of the lateral superior olive (LSO) is extraction of intensity differences; however, it is increasingly clear that relative…
Objectives: People with mental illnesses are overrepresented in the U.S. prison population. It is well established that incarceration for this population poses physical and mental health risks including greater likelihood of victimization and suicide…
Objective: To evaluate the experiences and preferences of ophthalmology residency applicants and program directors (PDs), with emphasis on the effect of COVID-19 as well as recent changes on the application process.
Introduction: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) amplifies the risks of atherosclerosis. Despite well-known sexual dimorphism in atherosclerosis, underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Our previous findings highlight a proatherogenic protein,…
Objective: To determine whether the L3-L4 disc angle may be a surrogate marker for global lumbar alignment in thoracolumbar fusion surgery and to explore the relationship between radiographic and patient-reported outcomes after thoracolumbar fusion…
Objectives: The BI-RADS classification provides a standardized way to describe ultrasound findings in breast cancer diagnostics. However, there is little information regarding which BI-RADS descriptors are most strongly associated with malignancy, to…
Background: Studies involving the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) liraglutide have shown reductions in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), weight, and insulin requirements in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) requiring high-dose…
Background: The interaction of aging-related, genetic, and environmental factors is thought to contribute to the etiology of late-onset, sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD). We previously reported that serum levels of…
Background: Despite extensive research into acute kidney injury (AKI) in adults, research into the epidemiology, associated risk factors, treatment, and mortality of AKI in pediatric COVID-19 patients is understudied. Advancing understanding of this…
Skeletal fluorosis is a long-term bone disease that develops when prolonged fluoride toxicity leads to osteosclerosis and bone deformities that result in crippling pain and debility. The disease is endemic to many countries due to environmental or…
Introduction: The sheep was evaluated as a potential model for preclinical evaluation of urethral slings in vivo based on: (1) anatomical measurements of the sheep vagina and (2) histological tissue integration and host response to polypropylene (PP)…
At the level of the whole muscle, contractile patterns during activity are a critical and necessary source of variation in function. Understanding if a muscle is actively lengthening, shorting, or remaining isometric has implications for how it is…
Arboreal environments require overcoming navigational challenges not typically encountered in other terrestrial habitats. Supports are unevenly distributed and vary in diameter, orientation, and compliance. To better understand the strategies that…
Carboxylesterase 1 (CES1) is the predominant carboxylesterase in the human liver, involved in metabolism of both xenobiotics and endogenous substrates. Genetic or epigenetic factors that alter CES1 activity or expression are associated with changes…
Background: Little evidence is available regarding the choice of empiric antibiotic therapy in elderly patients with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). The primary objective of this study is to compare the outcomes…
Background: This study was aimed at assessing the associations of sarcopenia, muscle density, adiposity, and inflammation with overall survival (OS) after cytoreductive nephrectomy (CN) for metastatic renal cell carcinoma.
Protein pool turnover is a critically important cellular homeostatic component, yet it has been little explored in the context of heart failure (HF) pathophysiology. We used in vivo 2H labeling/proteome dynamics for the nonbiased discovery of…
The rat animal model is a cost effective and reliable model used in spinal pre-clinical research. Complications from various surgical procedures in humans often arise that were based on these pre-clinical animal models. Therefore safe and efficacious…
Odontocete cetaceans have undergone profound modifications to their integument and sensory systems and are generally thought to lack specialized exocrine glands that in terrestrial mammals function to produce chemical signals (Thewissen & Nummela,…
Hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) play critical roles in determining the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of numerous therapeutic agents. As such, noninvasive biomarkers capable of predicting DME expression in the liver have the potential…
Gastric sleeve surgery is a frequently performed procedure. Although it is one of the safest bariatric procedures, it is like any other operation that carries significant risks and complications. Moreover, the hepatic abscess is an infrequent…
The prodrug tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) is a first-line antiviral agent for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B infection. TAF activation involves multiple steps, and the first step is an ester hydrolysis reaction catalyzed by hydrolases. This study…
Background and objective The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has highlighted the shortcomings worldwide in terms of preparedness protocols related to epidemics. A key area of research that is evidently overlooked across the globe is the…
Antimicrobial resistance is a global threat. As "proof-of-concept," we employed a system-based approach to identify patient, bacterial, and drug variables contributing to mortality in patients with carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKp)…
Sensorimotor feedback is critical to safe and effective swallowing. Because of this, sensory interventions have the potential to treat dysphagia. One such treatment may be found in capsaicin, which activates the internal branch of the superior…
The material composition of vertebrate connective tissue is highly conserved across taxa. Existing data suggest that the compressive and tensile strength of limb bones are very similar despite marked variation in limb posture and locomotor patterns.…
Anniversaries of traumatic events are associated with increased symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and anxiety, especially in individuals with prior mental health symptoms. However, research has largely focussed on 1-year…
