It has been hypothesized that the human sphenoid bone is uniquely truncated, which in turn contributes to a reduction of forward midfacial growth. If so, the perinatal fusion of the intrasphenoidal synchondrosis (ISS) in humans may contribute to…
Infant mammalian feeding is a complex process that requires the integration of different behaviors and over twenty‐five muscles controlled by multiple cranial nerves. Despite extensive characterization of muscle activity during a feeding sequence,…
In creating medical marijuana laws, state governments signal to the public that marijuana can safely and effectively treat a wide range of diseases. In many cases, these state approvals overestimate the benefits of marijuana and understate the risks.…
Objective: To validate the Martini staging system for postoperative rectourethral fistula (RUF) utilizing data from previous studies to determine whether it can accurately predict postoperative success rate.; Methods: A systematic search of…
BACKGROUND:: The 2013 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association cholesterol guidelines, which identified four groups of patients at risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease events, departed from the target-based approach to…
Background: Patients with physical injuries or chronic conditions may be impacted by mental health conditions, which significantly affect their participation and progress in treatment. The Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2) depression screening…
BACKGROUND:: Patients with physical injuries or chronic conditions may be impacted by mental health conditions, which significantly affect their participation and progress in treatment. The Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2) depression screening…
Background: Inguinal lymph node dissection (ILND) is an essential step in both treatment and staging of several malignancies including penile and vulvar cancers. Various open, video endoscopic, and robotic-assisted techniques have been utilized so…
Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a genetic condition caused by a mutation in either the TSC1 or TSC2 gene. Disruption of either of these genes leads to impaired production of hamartin or tuberin proteins, leading to the manifestation of skin…
Vascular aging is highly associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) senescence is one of its key contributors. However, intracellular and extracellular signaling and communication of senescent VSMCs…
In mice, the caller's production of social vocalizations has been extensively studied but the effect of these vocalizations on the listener is less understood, with playback studies to date utilizing one vocalization category or listeners of one sex.…
Voltage‐gated potassium (Kv) channels expressed in the coronary vasculature play a pivotal role in coupling oxygen delivery with myocardial metabolic demand. Despite their importance in maintaining adequate perfusion to support proper cardiac…
Kidney replacement therapy(KRT) is a common supportive treatment for renal dysfunction, especially acute kidney injury. However, critically ill or immunosuppressed patients with renal dysfunction often have dysfunction in other organs as well. To…
ABSTRACT: Much of COVID-19 disease can be attributed to the stable structure of the envelope, which facilitates its transmission; the spike protein and its receptor which determine which tissues get infected and are susceptible to viral and immune…
Background: Activation of hematopoietic stem cells [HSCs, lineage(lin) - stem cell growth factor receptor (c-kit) + stem cell antigen-1(Sca-1) + , or LKS cells in mice] is critical for initiating the granulopoietic response. This study determined the…
CASE: A 32-year-old pregnant woman presented with new wrist pain after a fall. She had undergone surgical repair to the same wrist 6 years previously for a distal radius fracture. At that time, there was no evidence of a bone lesion. Current …
Cranial synchondroses are cartilaginous joints between basicranial bones or between basicranial bones and septal cartilage, and have been implicated as having a potential active role in determining craniofacial form. However, few studies have…
Lymphatic anomalies (LA) are rare conditions characterized by abnormal vascularization of lymphatic vessels (lymphangiogenesis). Gorham‐Stout Disease (GSD) is an aggressive type of LA which invades cortical bone and makes it “disappear”. There is…
Architectural characteristics of skeletal muscles are important determinants of whole muscle function. Fiber length (Lf) and physiologic cross‐sectional area (PCSA) are correlated with skeletal muscle excursion/contraction velocity and force,…
A 32-year-old female with a past medical history of constipation (predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD)) presented with a complaint of pain in the lower abdomen. She lost 20 pounds in three months with…
PRéCIS:: Small but significant decreases in OCTA-measured circumpapillary capillary density were observed in healthy eyes dilated with 2.5% phenylephrine/0.5% tropicamide. Though likely clinically insignificant, ophthalmologists should consider these…
The effectiveness of antibiotics continues to erode because of the relentless spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Public and private foundations, professional organizations, and international health agencies recognize the threat posed by AMR…
The basicranium of anthropoid primates is more flexed than in lemurs and lorises (strepsirrhines), which has implications for orientation of facial growth. Differential growth among cranial synchondroses is one suggested mechanism for variation in…
Purpose: Radical nephrectomy with tumor thrombectomy is considered standard of care in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Surgical ligation and interruption of the inferior vena cava (IVC), however, is sometimes necessary when the tumor…
