Coronary collateral growth is a process involving coordination between growth factors expressed in response to ischemia and mechanical forces. Underlying this response is proliferation of vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells, resulting in an…
The mitochondrial electrochemical gradient (Deltap), which comprises the pH gradient (DeltapH) and the membrane potential (DeltaPsi), is crucial in controlling energy transduction. During myocardial ischemia and reperfusion (IR), mitochondrial…
