Browse Items (424 total)

OBJECTIVES: The Research Agenda Setting Process (RASP), part of the American Geriatric Society's (AGS's) project 'Increasing Geriatric Expertise in Surgical and Related Medical Specialties,' was designed to define a research agenda for the geriatrics…

A systematic approach to the successful investigation and management of oliguria uses a reproducible method called the Rules of Three: consideration of three sources of olguria (postrenal, prerenal, and renal), three noninvasive tools for evaluation…

Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and renal artery bypass surgery are the most effective means of treating renal vascular disease and the hypertension it causes. Selection of the most appropriate treatment depends on the nature of the underlying…

Hypomagnesemia may be caused by renal losses (often related to drugs or diabetes), inadequate intake or inadequate intestinal absorption. Manifestations may include arrhythmias, particularly during myocardial ischemia or with digitalis use, and such…

Four cases histories illustrate the process of defining the cause of hyponatremia: Categorize the patient's volume status; determine kidney function and kidney's response to volume stimulus; measure urine osmolality; consider other factors, including…

OBJECTIVE: To compare elder patients' and their informants' ratings of the elder's physical and mental function measured by a standard instrument, the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 12 (SF-12). METHODS: This was a randomized, cross-sectional study…

The interpretation of acid-base data can be greatly facilitated by applying five rules: (1) use the blood gas to identify acidemia or alkalemia, (2) determine whether the underlying cause of acidemia or alkalemia is respiratory or metabolic, (3)…

Thorough investigation of complex cases of acid-base disturbances indudes verification of pH, determination of respiratory and metabolic components, calculation of the anion gap, assessment of the degree of compensation; and analysis of the…

The challenge for the practitioner is to balance incomplete evidence about efficacy of medications in frail older people against the problems related to adverse drug reactions without denying people potentially valuable pharmacotherapeutic…

This trial was conducted at 11 EDs to test the effectiveness of distributing fall prevention information to patients 65 years or older. Intervention patients were given 2 brochures and received a reminder call 2 weeks later. All patients were called…

Three recently published Institute of Medicine reports, Hospital-Based Emergency Care: At the Breaking Point, Emergency Medical Services: At the Crossroads, and Emergency Care for Children: Growing Pains, examined the current state of emergency care…

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to perform a cost-effectiveness analysis comparing the treatment of large leiomyomas by laparoscopic assisted vaginal hysterectomy (LAVH) versus abdominal hysterectomy (AH). STUDY DESIGN: Twenty consecutive…

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the activity and toxicity of carboplatin and paclitaxel (taxol) in the treatment of advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer. STUDY DESIGN: This was a retrospective review of 18 consecutive…

This article reviews the significance of altered mental status in older emergency department patients. Specific diagnoses are discussed, including delirium, stupor and coma, and dementia, with a focus on delirium. Finally, an approach to all older…

BACKGROUND: Cognitive impairment due to delirium or dementia is common in older emergency department (ED) patients. To prevent errors, emergency physicians (EPs) should use brief, sensitive tests to evaluate older patient's mental status. Prior…
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