Browse Items (670 total)

Giardiasis is a common yet neglected cause of diarrheal illness worldwide. Antimicrobial therapy is usually but not always effective and drug resistance has become an increasing concern. Several promising drug candidates have been recently identified…

The presence of bacteriuria during gestation increases the chance of acute pyelonephritis. Treatment of bacteriuria in pregnancy reduces subsequent development of symptomatic disease. Numerous studies have shown that single-dose therapy for…

HYPOTHESIS: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with a pediatric incidence ranging from 19.3% to 24.1%. Treatment of pediatric AKI is a source of debate in varying geographical regions. Currently CRRT is…

Over the last decade, the incidence of penicillin resistance among Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates has markedly increased. This trend is unsettling because infections caused by S pneumoniae are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in…

The first reported case of human disease caused by parasite-derived cancer cells was discovered in a 41-year-old man with HIV infection; lung, adrenal, and liver nodules; and lymphadenopathy.

The article reports that the Herpes Zoster (HZ) vaccine has decreased its effectiveness in adults that are above 60 years of age. Topics discussed include decline in beneficial effect of the HZ vaccine; determination of an optimal re-dosing strategy…

Background: Knowledge of the benefits of incorporating medical simulation into healthcare curricula is rapidly increasing. Though impeded by the high cost of complicated technology, medical simulation devices offer the ability to provide safe and…

BACKGROUND: Microdermabrasion is a superficial peeling modality that has become quite popular with our patients and the media. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the use of microdermabrasion in patients with acne. METHODS: Twenty-five patients with grade

Using Rene Magritte's well-known painting The Treachery of Images (This is not a pipe), we argue that the current focus on competencies throughout medical education can sometimes lead educators to rely too heavily on scores, checkmarks, or other…

A systematic approach to the successful investigation and management of oliguria uses a reproducible method called the Rules of Three: consideration of three sources of olguria (postrenal, prerenal, and renal), three noninvasive tools for evaluation…

This article summarizes the literature describing how antimicrobial stewardship and telemedicine interventions affect antimicrobial resistance. Discussion includes why we need stewardship, how to collaborate with team members, and the evidence of …

The habit of prescribing antibiotics “just-in-case” there is infection is based on the misguided perception that antibiotics are “safe” drugs and therefore pose little risk to patients. Surgeons need to dispel this myth. One in five patients…

Background: Predicting mortality risk in patients is important in research settings. The Pitt bacteremia score (PBS) is commonly used as a predictor of early mortality risk in patients with bloodstream infections (BSI). Here, we determined whether…

In recent years, understanding the immune response has substantially improved our knowledge of sarcoidosis. Even so, our diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities continue to be challenged by this disorder.

BACKGROUND: Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs (ASPs) have been promoted to optimize antimicrobial usage and patient outcomes, and to reduce the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant organisms. However, the best strategies for an ASP are not…

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This article summarizes the current literature describing how antimicrobial stewardship interventions impact antimicrobial resistance. Discussion includes why we need stewardship, how to collaborate with team members, and the evidence of…

Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are the most common, and potentially most severe, of infections treated by health care practitioners. Lower RTIs along with influenza, are the most common cause of death by infection in the United States. Risk…

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