Browse Items · NEOMED Bibliography Database

DNA methylation predicts age and provides insight into exceptional longevity of bats.

Exceptionally long-lived species, including many bats, rarely show overt signs of aging, making it difficult to determine why species differ in lifespan. Here, we use DNA methylation (DNAm) profiles from 712 known-age bats, representing 26 species,…

Effects of substrate and phylogeny on quadrupedal gait in free‐ranging platyrrhines.

Objectives: Primate diagonal sequence (DS) gaits are often argued to be an adaptation for moving and foraging in the fine‐branch niche; however, existing data have come predominantly from laboratory studies that are limited in taxonomic breadth and…

A New Reconstruction Of Multituberculate Endocranial Casts And Encephalization Quotient Of Kryptobaatar

Multituberculate and eutriconodontan endocasts differ from those of primitive therian mammals in their lack of visible midbrain exposure oil the dorsal side and in having a vermis-like triangular bulge (recognized herein as the cast of a large…

Evolutionary biology - Even-toed fingerprints on whale ancestry

Tags: 1997, cetaceans, Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication, Milinkovitch M C, Nature, Phylogeny, Science & Technology - Other Topics, Thewissen J G M

Skull of Megalohyrax eocaenus (Hyracoidea, Mammalia) from the Oligocene of Egypt

The cranial anatomy of Megalohyrax eoceanus Andrews, 1903, a pliohyracid (Hyracoidea, Mammalia) from Oligocene levels of the Jebel Qatrani Formation of the Fayum Depression in Egypt, is described. Megalohyrax is the largest of the Fayum hyracoids,…

Tags: 2001, Age, eocene, eutherian mammals, Evolution, fayum, Journal Article, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, order, Paleontology, Phylogeny, Simons E L, Thewissen J G M, tree

An analysis of von Economo neurons in the cerebral cortex of cetaceans, artiodactyls, and perissodactyls

Von Economo neurons (VENs) are specialized projection neurons with a characteristic spindle-shaped soma and thick basal and apical dendrites. VENs have been described in restricted cortical regions, with their most frequent appearance in layers III…

An experimental analysis of feeding performance in Syconycteris australis (Megachiroptera, Pteropodidae)

The hypothesis that flower shape affects nectar-feeding performance was examined for the nectarivorous bat, Syconycteris australis. Experiments using feeders with artificial flowers of different diameters demonstrated that the narrow flower diameter…

Tags: 2000, blossom-bat, Chiroptera, Dumont E R, energetics, Evolution, Feeding, flower shape, Journal Article, Mammalia, morphology, nectar, Nicolay C W, Phylogeny, pollen, Syconycteris, Zoology

Evolution of the reticular formation.

The reticular formation of mammals contains numerous nuclei which can be recognized by their projection patterns, cytoarchitectonics, and neuropeptide/neurotransmitter content. We have identified reticular nuclei in representatives from numerous…

Tags: 1988, Acta biologica Hungarica, Animals, Biological Evolution, Cruce W L, Fishes, Mammals, Newman D B, Phylogeny, Reptiles, Reticular Formation/*physiology, Stuesse S L

Contributions of paleorheumatology to understanding contemporary disease.

As paleopathology has evolved from observational speculation to analysis of testable hypotheses, so too has recognition of its contribution to vertebrate paleontology. In the presence of significant structural and density variation (between matrix…

Qualitative skeletal correlates of wing shape in extant birds (Aves: Neoaves).

BACKGROUND: Among living fliers (birds, bats, and insects), birds display relatively high aspect ratios, a dimensionless shape variable that distinguishes long and narrow vs. short and broad wings. Increasing aspect ratio results in a functional…

Tags: *Flight, 2015, Animal, Animal/*anatomy & histology/physiology, Animals, Biological Evolution, Birds/*anatomy & histology/classification/*physiology, BMC evolutionary biology, Bone and Bones/anatomy & histology, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Feathers, Fossils, Hieronymus Tobin L, NEOMED College of Medicine, Phylogeny, Wings

A preliminary analysis of correlations between chewing motor patterns and mandibular morphology across mammals.

The establishment of a publicly-accessible repository of physiological data on feeding in mammals, the Feeding Experiments End-user Database (FEED), along with improvements in reconstruction of mammalian phylogeny, significantly improves our ability…

Tags: *Mastication, 2011, Animals, Biological Evolution, Bite Force, Crompton Alfred W, Doherty Alison H, Electromyography, Feeding Behavior/physiology, Hylander William L, Integrative and comparative biology, Jaw/anatomy & histology/*physiology, Mammals/anatomy & histology/physiology, Masseter Muscle/anatomy & histology/*physiology, Phylogeny, Temporal Muscle/anatomy & histology/*physiology, Vinyard Christopher J, Wall Christine E, Williams Susan H

Colistin Resistance in Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae: Laboratory Detection and Impact on Mortality.

Background: Polymyxins including colistin are an important "last-line" treatment for infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKp). Increasing use of colistin has led to resistance to this cationic antimicrobial peptide.…

Tags: *beta-Lactam Resistance, *carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, *Colistin, *Klebsiella pneumoniae, *mortality, *ST258, 2017, Aged, Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology/*therapeutic use, beta-Lactamases/genetics, Bonomo Robert A, Carbapenems/pharmacology/therapeutic use, Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, Cober Eric, Colistin/pharmacology/*therapeutic use, Comorbidity, Department of Internal Medicine, Doi Yohei, Domitrovic T Nicholas, Evans Scott, Female, Fowler Vance G Jr, Hujer Andrea M, Hujer Kristine M, Humans, Kalayjian Robert C, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Kaye Keith S, Klebsiella Infections/diagnosis/*drug therapy/*microbiology/mortality, Klebsiella pneumoniae/classification/*drug effects/genetics, Male, Marshall Steve, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Middle Aged, NEOMED College of Medicine, Perez Federico, Phylogeny, Proportional Hazards Models, Richter Sandra S, Rojas Laura J, Rudin Susan D, Salata Robert A, Salim Madiha, van Duin David, Watkins Richard R

Unique biochemical and mineral composition of whale ear bones.

Abstract Cetaceans are obligate aquatic mammals derived from terrestrial artiodactyls. The defining characteristic of cetaceans is a thick and dense lip (pachyosteosclerotic involucrum) of an ear bone (the tympanic). This unique feature is absent in…

Developmental basis for hind-limb loss in dolphins and origin of the cetacean bodyplan.

Among mammals, modern cetaceans (whales, dolphins, and porpoises) are unusual in the absence of hind limbs. However, cetacean embryos do initiate hind-limb bud development. In dolphins, the bud arrests and degenerates around the fifth gestational…

Tags: *Body Patterning, 2006, Animals, Bajpai S, Cell Polarity, Cohn M J, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Developmental, Dolphins/*embryology/genetics/metabolism, Gene Expression Regulation, Heyning J, Hindlimb/cytology/*embryology/metabolism, Horton W E Jr, Limb Buds/cytology/embryology/metabolism, NEOMED College of Medicine, Phylogeny, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Stevens L S, Thewissen J G M

Eocene evolution of whale hearing.

The origin of whales (order Cetacea) is one of the best-documented examples of macroevolutionary change in vertebrates. As the earliest whales became obligately marine, all of their organ systems adapted to the new environment. The fossil record…

Skeletons of terrestrial cetaceans and the relationship of whales to artiodactyls.

Modern members of the mammalian order Cetacea (whales, dolphins and porpoises) are obligate aquatic swimmers that are highly distinctive in morphology, lacking hair and hind limbs, and having flippers, flukes, and a streamlined body. Eocene fossils…

Tags: *Biological Evolution, *Fossils, 2001, Animals, Bone and Bones/*anatomy & histology, Cetacea/anatomy & histology/*classification, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Hussain S T, Nature, NEOMED College of Medicine, Phylogeny, Roe L J, Skeleton, Thewissen J G, Whales/anatomy & histology/*classification, Williams E M

Expression of isotocin-neurophysin mRNA in developing zebrafish.

Neurohypophysial peptides are important regulators of homeostasis, reproduction and behavior. We have sequenced a zebrafish cDNA representing isotocin-neurophysin (IT-NP) mRNA. The developmental expression pattern of zebrafish IT-NP mRNA was…

Tags: 2003, Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Gene expression patterns : GEP, Glasgow Eric, Messenger/*metabolism, Molecular Sequence Data, Neurophysins/biosynthesis/*genetics, Oxytocin/*analogs & derivatives/biosynthesis/*genetics, Phylogeny, RNA, Unger Jennifer L, Zebrafish/*embryology

Evolution of hyperphalangy and digit reduction in the cetacean manus.

Cetaceans (whales, dolphins, and porpoises) have a soft tissue flipper that encases most of the forelimb, and elongated digits with an increased number of phalanges (hyperphalangy). In addition, some cetaceans exhibit a reduction in digit number.…

Tags: *Adaptation, *Biological Evolution, 2007, Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007), Animals, Berta Annalisa, Cetacea/*anatomy & histology/physiology, Cooper Lisa Noelle, Dawson Susan D, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Forelimb/*anatomy & histology/physiology, Morphogenesis, NEOMED College of Medicine, Newborn, Phylogeny, Physiological, Reidenberg Joy S

Developments in development: What have we learned from primate locomotor ontogeny?

The importance of locomotion to evolutionary fitness has led to extensive study of primate locomotor behavior, morphology and ecology. Most previous research has focused on adult primates, but in the last few decades, increased attention to locomotor…

An interspecific analysis of relative jaw-joint height in primates.

Jaw-joint height (JJH) above the occlusal plane is thought to be influenced by cranial base angle (CBA) and facial angulation during growth. To better understand how JJH relates to midline craniofacial form, we test the hypothesis that relative…

Tags: 2010, American journal of physical anthropology, Analysis of Variance, Animals, Armfield Brooke A, Female, Haplorhini/*anatomy & histology, Male, Phylogeny, Posture/*physiology, Regression Analysis, Skull/anatomy & histology, Strepsirhini/*anatomy & histology, Temporomandibular Joint/*anatomy & histology, Vinyard Christopher J

Jaw-muscle electromyography during chewing in Belanger's treeshrews (Tupaia belangeri).

We examined masseter and temporalis recruitment and firing patterns during chewing in five male Belanger's treeshrews (Tupaia belangeri), using electromyography (EMG). During chewing, the working-side masseters tend to show almost three times more…

Tags: 2005, American journal of physical anthropology, Animals, Biological, Biomechanical Phenomena, Electromyography, Hylander William L, Johnson Kirk R, Mastication/*physiology, Masticatory Muscles/*physiology, Models, Muscle Contraction/*physiology, Phylogeny, Time Factors, Tupaia/*physiology, Vinyard Christopher J, Wall Christine E, Williams Susan H

Interspecific analysis of covariance structure in the masticatory apparatus of galagos.

The primate masticatory apparatus (MA) is a functionally integrated set of features, each of which performs important functions in biting, ingestive, and chewing behaviors. A comparison of morphological covariance structure among species for these MA…

Tags: 2007, American journal of primatology, Animals, Biomechanical Phenomena, Body Size, Diet, Jaw/*anatomy & histology/physiology, Lorisidae/*anatomy & histology/physiology, Mastication/physiology, Multivariate Analysis, Phylogeny, Vinyard Christopher J

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