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What can we learn from the time course of untreated and partially treated community-onset Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia? A clinical perspective on superiority and noninferiority trial designs for mild community-acquired pneumonia.

There are no well-designed placebo-controlled clinical trials in the recent era that precisely define the magnitude of the drug effect of antimicrobial therapy for mild community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). However, there is evidence that ineffective…

Tags: *Research Design, 2008, Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, Community-Acquired Infections/*drug therapy/microbiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Disease Progression, File Thomas M Jr, Humans, NEOMED College of Medicine, Pneumococcal/*drug therapy/microbiology, Pneumonia, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic/*methods, Schentag Jerome J, Streptococcus pneumoniae/*isolation & purification, Time Factors, Treatment Outcome

Ventilator-associated pneumonia: gearing towards shorter-course therapy

Purpose of review The studies that are reviewed in this article have all concluded that a shorter duration of antibiotic therapy (7-8 days) may be adequate in the treatment of the majority of patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia, and does…

Tags: 2006, antibiotic-therapy, antimicrobial therapy, Chua T D, Current opinion in infectious diseases, duration of therapy, File T M, Infection, Infectious Diseases, Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication, Pneumonia, pseudomonas-aeruginosa, resolution, trial, ventilator-associated

Treatment of community-acquired pneumonia in immunocompromised adults: A consensus statement regarding initial strategies

Background Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) guidelines have improved the treatment and outcomes of patients with CAP, primarily by standardization of initial empirical therapy. But current society-published guidelines exclude immunocompromised…

Treating CAP caused by penicillin-resistant S pneumoniae.

Over the last decade, the incidence of penicillin resistance among Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates has markedly increased. This trend is unsettling because infections caused by S pneumoniae are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in…

Tags: 1999, Bacterial, Bacterial – Diagnosis, Community-Acquired Infections, Department of Internal Medicine, Diagnosis, Differential, Drug Resistance, File T M Jr, Journal of Respiratory Diseases, Microbial, NEOMED College of Medicine, Pneumonia, Streptococcal Infections

The science of selecting antimicrobials for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).

BACKGROUND: Among infectious diseases, community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is the leading cause of death in the United States and is associated with a substantial economic burden to the health care system. Initiating appropriate empiric therapy can be…

The Science of Selecting Antimicrobials for Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP)

The role of atypical pathogens: Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydia pneumoniae, and Legionella pneumophila in respiratory infection.

Infections caused by M. pneumoniae, C. pneumoniae, and Legionella spp. are important causes of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). In the past decade, considerable new information has come to light concerning these organisms. Despite this, debate…

The relationship between psychiatric medication and course of hospital stay among intoxicated trauma patients

Introduction The purpose of this study was to determine whether trauma patients requiring psychiatric medication who were admitted with positive alcohol or drug screen require more pain medications or sedation resulting in longer length of stay.…

The Importance Of Chlamydia Pneumoniae As A Pathogen: The 1996 Consensus Conference On Chlamydia Pneumoniae Infections

The Effect Of Bilateral Superior Laryngeal Nerve Lesion On Swallowing: A Novel Method To Quantitate Aspirated Volume And Pharyngeal Threshold In Videofluoroscopy

Summary of ceftaroline fosamil clinical trial studies and clinical safety.

In October 2010, the new cephalosporin, ceftaroline fosamil, was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for therapy of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP) and acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSIs). The active…

Tags: 2012, Anti-Bacterial Agents/adverse effects/*therapeutic use, Bacterial/drug therapy, Cephalosporins/adverse effects/*therapeutic use, Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, Clinical Trials as Topic, Department of Internal Medicine, File Thomas M Jr, Humans, NEOMED College of Medicine, Pneumonia, Staphylococcal Skin Infections/drug therapy, Stein Gary E, Wilcox Mark H

Subglottic Secretion Suctioning Reduces Vent-Associated Pneumonia, Antibiotic Use.

Tags: 2014, Academic Medical Centers, Antibiotics, Belgium, Confidence Intervals, Department of Internal Medicine, Endotracheal – Utilization, Human, Infectious Disease Alert, NEOMED College of Medicine, Odds Ratio, Pneumonia, RANDOMIZED controlled trials, Secretions, Suctioning, Ventilator-Associated – Prevention and Control, Watkins Richard R

Strategies for improving antimicrobial use and the role of antimicrobial stewardship programs.

Spectrum of excess mortality due to carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae infections.

Patients infected or colonized with carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKp) are often chronically and acutely ill, which results in substantial mortality unrelated to infection. Therefore, estimating excess mortality due to CRKp infections…

Tags: *beta-Lactam Resistance, 2016, 80 and over, Aged, Bacteremia/microbiology/mortality, Bacterial/microbiology/mortality, Bonomo R A, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Cober E, Department of Internal Medicine, Doi Y, Epidemiology, Evans S, Female, Fowler V G Jr, Hauck C, Humans, Kalayjian R C, Kaye K S, Klebsiella Infections/*microbiology/*mortality, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae/*drug effects/isolation & purification, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Mortality, NEOMED College of Medicine, Perez F, Pneumonia, Prospective Studies, Richter S S, Salata R A, Scalera N M, Survival Analysis, Urinary Tract Infections/microbiology/mortality, van Duin D, Watkins R R

SOLITAIRE-IV: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Multicenter Study Comparing the Efficacy and Safety of Intravenous-to-Oral Solithromycin to Intravenous-to-Oral Moxifloxacin for Treatment of Community-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia.

BACKGROUND: Solithromycin, a novel macrolide antibiotic with both intravenous and oral formulations dosed once daily, has completed 2 global phase 3 trials for treatment of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia. METHODS: A total of 863 adults with…

Tags: *clinical trial, *Community-acquired, *Pneumonia, *solithromycin, *Streptococcus pneumoniae, 2016, 80 and over, Administration, Adult, Aged, Anti-Bacterial Agents/*administration & dosage/adverse effects, Bacterial, Bacterial/diagnosis/*drug therapy/*microbiology, Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, Community-Acquired Infections/diagnosis/*drug therapy/*microbiology, Comorbidity, Das Anita F, Department of Internal Medicine, Drug Resistance, Female, Fernandes Prabhavathi, File Thomas M Jr, Fluoroquinolones/*administration & dosage/adverse effects, Gonong Joven Roque V, Humans, Intravenous, Jamieson Brian D, Keedy Kara, Macrolides/*administration & dosage/adverse effects, Male, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Middle Aged, Moxifloxacin, NEOMED College of Medicine, Oldach David, Oral, Pneumonia, Rewerska Barbara, Sheets Amanda, Taylor David, Treatment Outcome, Triazoles/*administration & dosage/adverse effects, Vucinic-Mihailovic Violeta

Serum Concentrations of Aerosolized Tobramycin in Medical, Surgical, and Trauma Patients

Tags: 2009, Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Beam W B, Burdette S D, Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication, Limkemann A J, Markert R J, Microbiology, Pharmacology & Pharmacy, Pneumonia, Slaughter J B

Role of 'atypical' pneumonia pathogens in respiratory tract infections.

The 'atypical' pathogens are important causes of pneumonia, causing illness ranging from mild to life-threatening. The most common atypical pathogens are Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydia pneumoniae; others include Legionella species, Chlamydia…

Tags: 1999, Bacterial/diagnosis/*microbiology, Canadian respiratory journal, Chlamydia Infections, Chlamydophila pneumoniae, Community-Acquired Infections, Humans, Immunoenzyme Techniques, Legionella pneumophila, Mycoplasma/diagnosis/*microbiology, Pneumonia, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Tan J S

Respiratory infections unique to Asia

Asia is a highly heterogeneous region with vastly different cultures, social constitutions and populations affected by a wide spectrum of respiratory diseases caused by tropical pathogens. Asian patients with community-acquired pneumonia differ from…

Recommendations for treatment of hospital-acquired and ventilator-associated pneumonia: review of recent international guidelines.

Recently published guidelines for the management of hospital-acquired pneumonia and ventilator-associated pneumonia are reviewed for recommendations regarding diagnosis and antimicrobial therapy to assess the implications for development of future…

Tags: *Practice Guidelines as Topic, 2010, Anti-Bacterial Agents/*therapeutic use, Bacteria/drug effects/isolation & purification, Bacterial/diagnosis/*drug therapy, Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, Clinical Trials as Topic, Cross Infection/diagnosis/*drug therapy, Department of Internal Medicine, File Thomas M Jr, Hospitals, Humans, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, NEOMED College of Medicine, Pneumonia, Time Factors, Ventilator-Associated/diagnosis/*drug therapy

Rapid Detection Of Streptococcus Pneumoniae In Community-acquired Pneumonia

Tags: 2006, adults, antimicrobial therapy, bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia, cerebrospinal-fluid, Clinical Microbiology and Infection, Diagnosis, File T M, Infections, Infectious Diseases, Kozlov R S, Management, Microbiology, Pneumococcus, Pneumonia, polymerase chain-reaction, rapid detection, sputum culture, urinary antigen test

Predictors of mortality for nursing home-acquired pneumonia: a systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Current risk stratification tools, primarily used for CAP, are suboptimal in predicting nursing home acquired pneumonia (NHAP) outcome and mortality. We conducted a systematic review to evaluate current evidence on the usefulness of…

Pre-pharyngeal Swallow Effects of Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Lesion on Bolus Shape and Airway Protection in an Infant Pig Model.

Recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) damage in infants leads to increased dysphagia and aspiration pneumonia. Recent work has shown that intraoral transport and swallow kinematics change following RLN lesion, suggesting potential changes in bolus…

Pneumococcal epidemiology among us adults hospitalized for community-acquired pneumonia

BACKGROUND: Few studies have measured the burden of adult pneumococcal disease after the introduction of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) into the US infant vaccination schedule. Further, most data regarding pneumococcal serotypes are…

Pediatric airway management in COVID-19 patients: consensus guidelines from the society for pediatric anesthesia's pediatric difficult intubation collaborative and the Canadian Pediatric Anesthesia Society.

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (coronavirus disease 2019 [COVID-19]) pandemic has challenged medical systems and clinicians globally to unforeseen levels. Rapid spread of COVID-19 has forced clinicians to care for patients with a…

Tags: 2020, Adolescent, Airway Management/ methods, Anesthesia and Analgesia, Anesthesia/methods, Anesthesiology/ methods/standards, Asaf S, Ayad I, Bhalla T, Castro P, Chiao F, Child, Consensus, Coronavirus Infections/ therapy, Crockett C, Dalesio N, Denning S, Department of General Surgery, Disma N, Engelhardt T, Evans F, Fiadjoe JE, Galvez I, Gálvez J, Garcia-Marcinkiewicz A, Glover C, Gooden C, Greenberg R, Greenwood E, Guidelines as Topic, Gumaney H, Haydar B, Hervías M, Hsu G, Humans, Hunyady A, Infant, Infection Control, Infectious Disease Transmission, Ingelmo P, Intratracheal/ methods/standards, Intubation, Jagannathan N, Javia L, journalArticle, July 2020 List, Kiss EE, Kovatsis PG, Lardner D, Lau J, Lee JK, Lee LK, Lockman JL, Matava CT, Matuszczak M, McCloskey J, Mireles S, NEOMED College of Medicine, Newborn, Olomu P, Pandemics, Park R, Patient-to-Professional/prevention & control, Pediatrics/ methods/standards, Pérez-Pradilla C, Peyton J, Pneumonia, Polaner D, Preschool, Raman VT, Rehman M, Reynolds P, Sabato S, Stein ML, Szmuk P, Szolnoki J, Taicher B, Tan J, Templeton T, Theroux MC, Thompson N, Viral/ therapy, Von Ungern-Sternberg B, Whyte S, Yaster M, Yu J

Overview of resistance in the 1990s.

The tremendous therapeutic advantage afforded by antibiotics is being threatened by the emergence of increasingly resistant strains of microbes. Selective pressure favoring resistant strains arises from misuse and overuse of antimicrobials (notably…

Tags: *Drug Resistance, 1999, Anti-Bacterial Agents/*therapeutic use, Bacterial/*drug therapy, Chest, Community-Acquired Infections/drug therapy, Cross Infection/drug therapy, Department of Internal Medicine, File T M Jr, Humans, Multiple, NEOMED College of Medicine, Pneumonia

Outcome of treatment of respiratory tract infections due to Streptococcus pneumoniae, including drug-resistant strains, with pharmacokinetically enhanced amoxycillin/clavulanate.

The efficacy of a new pharmacokinetically enhanced formulation of amoxycillin/clavulanate (AMX/CA) 2000/125 mg, twice daily, designed to provide adequate levels of amoxycillin over the 12-h dosing interval to eradicate penicillin-resistant…

Tags: *Treatment Outcome, 2002, 80 and over, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination/administration & dosage/*pharmacokinetics/pharmacology/*therapeutic use, Amoxicillin/adverse effects/therapeutic use, Bacterial, Bacterial/drug therapy/immunology, Bronchitis/drug therapy/microbiology, Combination/adverse effects/*therapeutic use, Department of Internal Medicine, Double-Blind Method, Drug Administration Schedule, Drug Resistance, Drug Therapy, Female, File Thomas M Jr, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, International journal of antimicrobial agents, Jacobs Michael R, Male, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Middle Aged, Multicenter Studies as Topic, NEOMED College of Medicine, Pneumonia, Poole Michael D, Respiratory Tract Infections/*drug therapy/metabolism/microbiology, Streptococcal Infections/*drug therapy/metabolism/microbiology, Streptococcus pneumoniae/*drug effects, Wynne Brian

Omadacycline: A novel tetracycline derivative with oral and intravenous formulations.

Omadacycline, an aminomethylcycline, is a novel member of the tetracycline class of antibiotics. It has received approval by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treatment of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP) and acute…

Tags: 2019, ABSSSI, antibiotic, Antimicrobial resistance, Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, Department of Internal Medicine, Deresinski Stan, NEOMED College of Medicine, omadacycline, Pneumonia, Watkins Richard R

New Diagnostic Tests for Pneumonia: What is Their Role in Clinical Practice?

The utility of diagnostic studies to determine the etiologic agents of community-acquired pneumonia has been controversial in part because of the lack of rapid, accurate, easily performed, and cost-effective methods. Advancements in molecular testing…

New diagnostic tests for pneumonia: what is their role in clinical practice?

The utility of diagnostic studies to determine the etiologic agents of community-acquired pneumonia has been controversial in part because of the lack of rapid, accurate, easily performed, and cost-effective methods. Advancements in molecular testing…

Tags: 2011, Antigens, Bacterial/*diagnosis/metabolism, Bacterial/urine, Calcitonin/blood, Clinics in chest medicine, Community-Acquired Infections/*diagnosis/metabolism/*microbiology/virology, Department of Internal Medicine, File Thomas M Jr, Humans, NEOMED College of Medicine, Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques, Pneumonia, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Protein Precursors/blood, Viral/*diagnosis/metabolism

Managing patients with recurrent acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis: a common clinical problem

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) affects 15 million people and is the fourth leading cause of death in the United States. It places a considerable burden on the healthcare system, with exacerbations contributing to a significant…

Management Of Community-acquired Pneumonia: An Appropriate-use Tool

Management of community-acquired pneumonia: a focus on conversion from hospital to the ambulatory setting.

Patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) are treated in hospital or in the ambulatory care setting depending on the severity of illness. Despite numerous guidelines proposed, there is no agreement on specific criteria for hospitalization…

Tags: *Ambulatory Care, *Hospitalization, 2003, American journal of respiratory medicine : drugs, devices, and other interventions, Anti-Bacterial Agents/*administration & dosage, Bacterial/*therapy, Community-Acquired Infections/therapy, Department of Internal Medicine, File Thomas M Jr, Humans, NEOMED College of Medicine, Pneumonia, Tan James S

Macrolide therapy for community-acquired pneumonia due to atypical pathogens: outcome assessment at an early time point.

BACKGROUND: Therapy directed against atypical pathogens in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is often recommended. This post-hoc analysis evaluated the effect of addition of a macrolide to ceftaroline fosamil or ceftriaxone treatment…

Tags: 2017, 80 and over, Adult, Aged, Anti-Bacterial Agents/adverse effects/*therapeutic use, Atypical pathogen, Bacterial/*drug therapy, Ceftaroline fosamil, Ceftriaxone/adverse effects/*therapeutic use, Cephalosporins/adverse effects/*therapeutic use, Chlamydial Pneumonia, Chlamydophila pneumoniae, Clinical Trials, Combination/adverse effects/methods, Community-Acquired Infections/*drug therapy, Community-acquired pneumonia, Department of Internal Medicine, Double-Blind Method, Drug Therapy, Eckburg Paul B, Female, File Thomas M Jr, Friedland H David, Humans, International journal of antimicrobial agents, Legionella pneumophila, Llorens Lily, Macrolide, Macrolides/adverse effects/*therapeutic use, Male, Middle Aged, Mycoplasma, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, NEOMED College of Medicine, Phase III as Topic, Pneumonia, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Talbot George H, Time Factors, Treatment Outcome

LVC Timing in Infant Pig Swallowing and the Effect of Safe Swallowing.

Recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury in neonates, a complication of head and neck surgeries, leads to increased aspiration risk and swallowing dysfunction. The severity of resulting sequelae range from morbidity, such as aspiration pneumonia, to…

International guidelines for the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia in adults: the role of macrolides.

The significance of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) has led to the publication of guidelines from numerous international organisations. Because the macrolide class of antimicrobials is active against most of the key pathogens associated with CAP,…

Integrated analysis of FOCUS 1 and FOCUS 2: randomized, doubled-blinded, multicenter phase 3 trials of the efficacy and safety of ceftaroline fosamil versus ceftriaxone in patients with community-acquired pneumonia.

BACKGROUND: Ceftaroline, the active form of ceftaroline fosamil, is a broad-spectrum cephalosporin with bactericidal activity against pathogens causing community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), including Streptococcus pneumoniae. Ceftaroline was evaluated…

Identifying Barriers to Adult Pneumococcal Vaccination: An NFID Task Force Meeting

Pneumococcal infection is common in adults, and invasive disease is associated with a high mortality rate. Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine can prevent invasive pneumococcal disease and is recommended for people aged >= 65 years and for younger…

Tags: 2012, adult vaccination, care, Disease, File T M, General & Internal Medicine, Influenza, Journal Article, Metersky M, Natl Fdn Infect Dis Pneumococcal D, Nichol K L, pneumococcal disease, Pneumococcal Vaccine, Pneumonia, Postgraduate medicine, Rehm S J, Schaffner W, Streptococcus pneumoniae, united-states

Browse Items (66 total)