Synaptic and neuronal loss are major neuropathological characteristics of Parkinson's disease (PD). Misfolded protein aggregates in the form of Lewy bodies, comprised mainly of α-synuclein (αSyn), are associated with disease progression, and have…
Background: Isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 (IDH1) mutation is now an established early event in gliomagenesis. The ability to detect this mutation by several techniques including immunohistochemistry makes it a significant marker for diagnosing and…
The presentation of an infectious disease in a child is likely to differ from an adult and will differ at different ages of the child. In addition to differences in immune response, there are significant differences in anatomy, physiology,…
Among them were Dr. Harvey Sugerman, Dr. Nicola Scopinaro, and the father of bariatric surgery, Dr. Edward Mason. It is fascinating to know that his interest in bariatric surgery started after he read Edward Mason's fi rst article on gastric bypass…
Olfactory cues play an important role in mammalian biology, but have been challenging to assess in the field. Current methods pose problematic issues with sample storage and transportation, limiting our ability to connect chemical variation in scents…
Research on reentry for individuals with mental illnesses leaving jails and prisons lacks outcome specificity and standardization needed to advance knowledge about the efficacy and effectiveness of interventions. This scoping review aims to provide…
Research is the search for new, generalisable knowledge (Truth in the Universe) to improve our collective ability to correctly diagnose and treat human suffering. In the formal sense, medical research implies both creating new knowledge, and also…
Orbital glands are found in many tetrapod vertebrates, and are usually separate structures, consisting of individual glands lying in the eyelids and both canthi of the orbit. In cetaceans, however, the orbital glandular units are less distinct and…
Objective: To validate the Martini staging system for postoperative rectourethral fistula (RUF) utilizing data from previous studies to determine whether it can accurately predict postoperative success rate.; Methods: A systematic search of…
BACKGROUND:: The 2013 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association cholesterol guidelines, which identified four groups of patients at risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease events, departed from the target-based approach to…
Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex deficiencies (PDCDs) and other mitochondrial disorders (MtDs) can (a) result in congenital lactic acidosis with elevations of blood alanine (Ala) and proline (Pro), (b) lead to decreased ATP production, and (c) …
Uterine carcinosarcoma (USC) is a rare, aggressive primary neoplasm of the Uterus that represents less than 5% of all uterine malignancies. It usually affects older females in their seventh decade. USC disproportionally affects black women more and…
Adult day care (ADC) centers provide community-based care (including meals) to frail, ethnically diverse older adults, many of whom are at risk for malnutrition. To support the development of interventions to benefit ADC users, the authors aimed to…
All first- and second-year (i.e., pre-clinical) medical students at a large, Midwestern medical school with three campuses were invited to participate in a two-arm, parallel educational study comparing the efficacy of two types of curricular…
Electrodiagnostic testing, consisting of nerve conduction studies and needle electrode examination, serves as an extension of a neurologic examination for evaluating a variety of focal and generalized neuromuscular conditions. By providing …
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to describe the use of telehealth in developmental behavioral pediatric (DBP) fellowship-affiliated practices during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) global pandemic. METHODS: An electronic survey was disseminated…
BACKGROUND: Interventional therapies aiming at excluding the left atrial appendage (LAA) from systemic circulation have been established as a valid alternative to oral anticoagulation in patients at high thromboembolic risk. However, their efficacy…
Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2. Consensus suggestions can standardise care, thereby improving outcomes and facilitating future research.; Methods: An…
This multidisciplinary update of the Society of Radiologists in Ultrasound consensus statement on liver elastography incorporates the large volume of new information available in the literature since the initial publication. The recommended procedure…
Hurthle cell tumors are rare follicular-derived thyroid neoplasms. Hurthle cell tumors may be benign or malignant. Workup includes imaging, fine needle aspiration, and treatment usually consists of observation versus thyroidectomy. We describe a …
OBJECTIVE: To characterize fellowship training experiences in the 11 Canadian minimally invasive gynaecologic surgery (MIGS) programs and compare the surgical exposure of fellows in these programs to that of the American Association of Gynecologic…
Vascular aging is highly associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) senescence is one of its key contributors. However, intracellular and extracellular signaling and communication of senescent VSMCs…
Several guidelines have indicated that liver stiffness (LS) assessed by means of shear wave elastography (SWE) can safely replace liver biopsy in several clinical scenarios, particularly in patients with chronic viral hepatitis. However, an increase…
OBJECTIVE: Hyperleptinemia, hallmark of obesity, is a putative pathophysiologic trigger for atherosclerosis. We previously reported a stimulatory effect of leptin on TSP-1 (thrombospondin-1) expression, a proatherogenic matricellular protein …
OBJECTIVES: Recent studies have shown that tRNA-derived RNA fragments (tRFs) are novel regulators of post-transcriptional gene expression. However, the expression profiles and their role in post-transcriptional gene regulation in chondrocytes is…
Over the past four decades, there have been progressive changes in the epidemiology of traumatic spinal cord injury (tSCI). We assessed trends in demographic and injury-related variables in traumatic cervical spinal cord injury (tCSCI) patients …
Background Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) guidelines have improved the treatment and outcomes of patients with CAP, primarily by standardization of initial empirical therapy. But current society-published guidelines exclude immunocompromised…
BACKGROUND The treatment of complex tumors in non-functioning renal transplants requiring surgical extirpation is challenging. Here, we report the largest series of patients who underwent transplant radical nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma…
Asthma is characterized by pathological airway remodeling resulting from persistent myofibroblast activation. Although transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1), mechanical signals, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are implicated in fibroblast…
