Browse Items (55 total)

Olfactory cues play an important role in mammalian biology, but have been challenging to assess in the field. Current methods pose problematic issues with sample storage and transportation, limiting our ability to connect chemical variation in scents…

Within the zebra finch song system, robust sex differences exist that enable singing behavior in males, but not females. Estradiol is a potent contributor to this process, but how and through which receptor(s) it acts is not clear. Historically,…

The ability of some mammals to forage on vines or terminal branches depends upon their grasping extremities. This study tests the functional link between use of small-diameter supports and grasping abilities by comparing hand and foot proportions in…

Evidence suggests that teamwork is essential for safe, reliable practice. Creating health care teams able to function effectively in patient-centered medical homes (PCMHs), practices that organize care around the patient and demonstrate achievement…

Prolactin (PRL) increased basal dopamine (DA) release and attenuated amphetamine (AMPH)-stimulated DA release in vitro from rat corpus striatum in a concentration-dependent manner with 10(-5) M PRL being the most effective. The effects of PRL on DA…

A primary prevention, behavioral intervention designed to reduce HIV risk behavior was tested in a randomized, controlled trial with single, inner-city women. A total of 935 women were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 conditions: a small group, 6-session…

Career-Development Assessment and Counseling (C-DAC) systematically bridges career theory and practice. Integrating differential, developmental, and phenomenological methods, the C-DAC model uses a comprehensive career assessment battery to help…

Nearly a century ago, Frank Parsons established the Vocation Bureau in Boston and spawned the development of the counseling profession. Elaborating on Parsons's socially responsible vision for counseling, the authors examine contemporary perspectives…

Improvements in three-dimensional imaging technologies have renewed interest in the study of functional and ecological morphology. Quantitative approaches to shape analysis are used increasingly to study form-function relationships. These methods are…

Faced with a rapidly changing healthcare environment, primary care practices often have to change how they practice medicine. Yet change is difficult, and the process by which practice improvement can be understood and facilitated has not been well…

Whales repetitively dive deep to feed and should be susceptible to decompression syndrome, though they are not known to suffer the associated pathologies. Avascular osteonecrosis has been recognized as an indicator of diving habits of extinct marine…

Background. The increasing prevalence of obesity and obesity-related conditions in primary care settings challenges the health care system. Thus. we used available baseline data from an on-going clinical trial to examine the biopsychosocial…

Background: The use of drug samples is a controversial issue in medicine. Objective: We sought to determine the pros and cons of drug sampling, and how drug sampling in general medicine differs from dermatology. Methods: Literature searches were…

Many primates display within-species variation in social organization and mating system. Individuals of these species may be confronted with both the challenges of between-group competition to exclude same-sex competitors as well as within-group…

Animals must overcome the physical properties protecting foods to obtain nutrition. While animals can experience selection for traits that facilitate resource exploitation, specific feeding behaviors may entail multiple, different mechanical…

Youths who are lesbian, gay, or bisexual (LGB) are more likely than heterosexuals to commit suicide. Substance use, PTSD, and depression are independent risk factors for suicidality; however, the extent to which these factors interact to predict…

Avian wing elements have been shown to experience both dorsoventral bending and torsional loads during flapping flight. However, not all birds use continuous flapping as a primary flight strategy. The pelecaniforms exhibit extraordinary diversity in…

The exploration literature suggests that career exploration may be separated into two distinct forms. Diversive career exploration involves learning broadly about the world of work and the self, whereas specific career exploration involves an…

This study investigated the relation between leisure: and career development. Data were collected from college freshmen enrolled in required orientation classes (N = 239) at a midwestern stare university. Results indicated that students who perceived…

Specific behaviors comprising the serotonin syndrome (low body posture, forepaw treading, headweaving) and the autonomic signs of piloerection and salivation were determined and analyzed with locomotor activity in response to MDMA at three doses…

Ten male rats were trained to discriminate the anorectic drug d,l-fenfluramine (2.0 mg/kg intraperitoneally administered) from its vehicle using a food-reinforced (fixed-ratio 10 schedule) two-lever operant task. Once learned, the fenfluramine…

Rats (n = 10) were trained to discriminate between ethanol (600 mg/kg, IP) and its vehicle, or between THBC (20 mg/kg) and its vehicle in a two-lever food-motivated operant task. Once the discriminative training criterion was attained, rats in each…

The drug discrimination paradigm (DD) was used to evaluate differences in performance of rats selectively bred for differential sensitivity to the hypnotic effects of ethanol. Tenth generation high-alcohol sensitive (HAS) and low-alcohol sensitive…

Studies of touch intensity discrimination in monkeys have identified a component of the somatosensory-evoked cortical potential, N1, generated within 50 ms of the stimulus, that predicts their behavioral performance. This study employed…

Nine male rats were trained to discriminate 1.4 mg/kg norfenfluramine (NF) from its vehicle using a two-lever, food-motivated, operant discrimination task. Once trained, the rats showed a dose-dependent decrease in responding on the

Parkinson's disease (PD) is an age-associated neurodegenerative disorder hallmarked by a loss of mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons. Accurate recapitulation of the PD movement phenotype in animal models of the disease is critical for understanding…

Behavioral and neurochemical indexes of nigrostriatal dopaminergic function were compared between sedentary control rats (n = 12) and daily spontaneous running (DSR) male rats (n = 10). Nine weeks of DSR did not significantly alter body, heart,…

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