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Hepatocyte-specific expression of human carboxylesterase 2 attenuates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in mice.

Human carboxylesterase 2 (CES2) has triacylglycerol hydrolase (TGH) activities and plays an important role in lipolysis. In this study, we aim to determine the role of human CES2 in the progression or reversal of steatohepatitis in diet-induced or…

Bile acid-based therapies for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and alcoholic liver disease.

Bile acids are synthesized from cholesterol only in hepatocytes. Bile acids circulating in the enterohepatic system act as physiological detergent molecules to help solubilize biliary cholesterol and emulsify dietary lipids and fat-soluble vitamins…

Saturated Fatty Acids Activate Erk Signaling To Downregulate Hepatic Sortilin 1 In Obese And Diabetic Mice

Hepatic VLDL overproduction is a characteristic feature of diabetes and an important contributor to diabetic dyslipidemia. Hepatic sortilin 1 (Sort1), a cellular trafficking receptor, is a novel regulator of plasma lipid metabolism and reduces plasma…

Saturated Fatty Acids Activate Erk Signaling To Downregulate Hepatic Sortilin 1 In Obese And Diabetic Mice

Hepatic Cannabinoid Receptor Type 1 Mediates Alcohol-Induced Regulation of Bile Acid Enzyme Genes Expression Via CREBH

Bile acids concentration in liver is tightly regulated to prevent cell damage. Previous studies have demonstrated that deregulation of bile acid homeostasis can lead to cholestatic liver disease. Recently, we have shown that ER-bound transcription…

Tags: 2013, Acids, activation, Ahn S H, Alcohol, Alcohols, Bile, BILE acids, bound, cb1 receptors, Chanda D, Chiang J Y L, Choi H S, cholesterol 7-alpha-hydroxylase, Damage prevention, Deregulation, Diabetes Mellitus, element-binding protein, endocannabinoid system, endoplasmic-reticulum stress, er stress, exposure, Fatty Liver, gene-expression, Genes, hepatocytes, Homeostasis, human hepatocytes, insulin, insulin-resistance, Jeong W I, Journal Article or Conference Abstract Publication, Kim D K, Kim J R, Kim Y H, Koo S H, Kwon J, Lee C H, leptin resistance, Li T, Liver, Liver Diseases, Metabolism, Mice, Misra J, Muridae, Ohio, Park T S, PloS one, Regulatory mechanisms (biology), RNA extraction, Rodents, Science & Technology - Other Topics, Sciences: Comprehensive Works, Signal Transduction, Signaling, Synthesis, transcription factor

Lipocalin‐2 Protects Against Diet‐Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Targeting Hepatocytes.

Hepatocytes are the major source of hepatic lipocalin‐2 (LCN2), which is up‐regulated in response to inflammation, injury, or metabolic stress. So far, the role of hepatocyte‐derived LCN2 in the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)…

Tags: 2019, Chen Xiaoli, Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Fatty Liver, Hepatology communications, Jadhav Kavita, Kasumov Takhar, Li Yuanyuan, LIPOCALIN, LIVER disease treatment, NEOMED College of Medicine, September 2019 Update, Sun Huihui, Xu Yanyong, Yin Liya, Zhang Yanqiao, Zhu Yingdong

Understanding Bile Acid Signaling in Diabetes: From Pathophysiology to Therapeutic Targets.

Diabetes and obesity have reached an epidemic status worldwide. Diabetes increases the risk for cardiovascular disease and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Primary bile acids are synthesized in hepatocytes and are transformed to secondary bile acids…

Adipose‐Specific Lipin‐1 Overexpression Renders Hepatic Ferroptosis and Exacerbates Alcoholic Steatohepatitis in Mice.

Lipin‐1 is a Mg2+‐dependent phosphatidic acid phosphohydrolase involved in the generation of diacylglycerol during synthesis of phospholipids and triglycerides. Ethanol‐mediated inhibitory effects on adipose‐specific lipin‐1 expression were…

Tags: 2019, Apoptosis, Bonavita Gregory, Daniels Michael, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fatty Liver, Hepatology communications, Jogasuria Alvin, June 2019 Update, Kainrad Noah, NEOMED College of Pharmacy, PROTEIN expression, Ye Ting Jie, You Min, Zhou Zhou

Signal Transduction Mechanisms of Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Emer ging Role of Lipin-1.

Lipin-1, a mammalian phosphatidic acid phosphatase (PAP), is a bi-functional molecule involved in various signaling pathways via its function as a PAP enzyme in the triglyceride synthesis pathway and in the nucleus as a transcriptional co-regulator.…

MitoNEET Deficiency Alleviates Experimental Alcoholic Steatohepatitis in Mice by Stimulating Endocrine Adiponectin-Fgf15 Axis.

MitoNEET (mNT) (CDGSH iron-sulfur domain-containing protein 1 or CISD1) is an outer mitochondrial membrane protein that donates 2Fe-2S clusters to apo-acceptor proteins. In the present study, using a global mNT knock-out (mNTKO) mouse model, we…

Myeloid Cell-Specific Lipin-1 Deficiency Stimulates Endocrine Adiponectin-FGF15 Axis and Ameliorates Ethanol-Induced Liver Injury in Mice.

Lipin-1 is a phosphatidate phosphohydrolase (PAP) required for the generation of diacylglycerol during glycerolipid synthesis, and exhibits dual functions in the regulation of lipid metabolism. Lipin-1 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of…

Carboxylesterase 1 Is Regulated by Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4alpha and Protects Against Alcohol- and MCD diet-induced Liver Injury.

The liver is a major organ that controls hepatic and systemic homeostasis. Dysregulation of liver metabolism may cause liver injury. Previous studies have demonstrated that carboxylesterase 1 (CES1) regulates hepatic triglyceride metabolism and…

Targeting the Enterohepatic Bile Acid Signaling Induces Hepatic Autophagy via a

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Hepatic cholesterol accumulation and autophagy defects contribute to hepatocyte injury in fatty liver disease. Bile acid synthesis is a major pathway for cholesterol catabolism in the liver. This study aims to understand the…

Tags: 2017, 4EBP-1, ACAT, acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase, CE, Cellular and molecular gastroenterology and hepatology, Chavan Hemantkumar, Chiang John Y L, chloroquine, Cholesterol, cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase, cholesterol ester, Cholestyramine, ChTM, CQ, CYP7A1, Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, diet-induced obesity, Ding Wen-Xing, Ding Yifeng, DIO, endoplasmic reticulum, ER, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1, Fatty Liver, FC, free cholesterol, glycogen synthase kinase 3beta, GSK3beta, HMG-CoA reductase, HMGCR, Krishnamurthy Partha, LC3, LDLR, Li Jibiao, Li Tiangang, LMP, low-density lipoprotein receptor, lysosome membrane permeabilization, Matye David, messenger RNA, microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3, mRNA, mTOR, NEOMED College of Medicine, Ni Hong-Min, Nuclear Receptor, phosphatidylinositol, PI, plasma membrane, PM, S6, SREBP, sterol response element binding protein, the nutrient sensing mechanistic target of rapamycin, tibosomal protein S6, Wang Yifeng

The Detrimental Role Played by Lipocalin-2 in Alcoholic Fatty Liver in Mice.

We have previously shown that the ethanol-mediated elevation of lipocaline-2 (LCN2) is closely associated with the development of alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD) in mice. Herein, we aimed to understand the functional significance of LCN2…

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