Browse Items · NEOMED Bibliography Database

Effect of a standardized pharyngitis treatment protocol on use of antibiotics in a pediatric emergency department.

BACKGROUND: Pharyngitis is a common complaint in pediatric patients. If clinical parameters are used alone, bacterial pathogens will be wrongly implicated in many cases. A nonstandardized approach to the treatment of children with pharyngitis in an…

Drug-drug discrimination: stimulus properties of drugs of abuse upon a serotonergic-dopaminergic continuum.

Ten male N/Nih rats were trained to discriminate between the interoceptive cues produced by the purportedly dopaminergically-mediated drug d-amphetamine at 0.4 mg/kg intraperitoneally administered 20 min prior to training and those produced by the…

Dose-response relationship between plasma epinephrine concentration and alveolar liquid clearance in dogs.

Previously, alveolar liquid clearance (ALC) was observed to increase in a canine model of neurogenic pulmonary edema (NPE) by adrenal epinephrine (S. M. Lane, K. C. Maender, N. E. Awender, and M. B. Maron. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 158:

Tags: 1998, Algorithms, Animals, Blood Pressure/drug effects/physiology, Cardiac Output/drug effects/physiology, Catecholamines/blood, Dogs, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Epinephrine/*blood, Female, Hematocrit, Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985), Male, Maron M B, Pulmonary Alveoli/*physiopathology, Pulmonary Circulation/drug effects/physiology, Pulmonary Edema/*blood/*physiopathology, Pulmonary Wedge Pressure/drug effects/physiology

Dose-response effects of estrogen and tamoxifen upon methamphetamine-induced behavioral responses and neurotoxicity of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system in female mice.

In the present experiment we evaluated the dose-response effects of estrogen (estradiol benzoate; EB) and tamoxifen (TMX) in modulating the acute behavioral and chronic effects of methamphetamine (MA) upon the nigrostriatal dopaminergic (NSDA) system…

Dopaminergic nature of acute cathine tolerance.

Cathine is a psychoactive constituent in the leaves of the Khat shrub which are habitually ingested for their stimulatory effects in many parts of the world. Rats were trained to discriminate the stimulus effect of intraperitoneally administered 4.8…

Tags: 1990, Alkaloids/pharmacology, Animals, Antipsychotic Agents/pharmacology, Appetite Depressants/*pharmacology, Discrimination (Psychology)/drug effects, Discrimination Learning/drug effects, Dopamine/*physiology, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Drug Tolerance, Generalization (Psychology)/drug effects, Inbred Strains, Male, Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior, Phenylpropanolamine/*pharmacology, Rats, Schechter M D, Thiazepines/pharmacology

Dopaminergic mediation of the stimulant generalization of nicotine.

1. Experiments were conducted to investigate if the psychostimulant cathinone, like d-amphetamine, would produce generalization of the discriminative stimulus effects of nicotine. 2. Rats were trained to discriminate either 0.8 mg/kg cathinone from…

Discriminative stimulus properties of isradipine: effect of other calcium channel blockers.

This study constitutes the first report of a calcium channel blocker used as a drug capable of controlling differential responding in a drug-discrimination paradigm. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were trained to discriminate between intraperitoneally…

Tags: 1995, Animals, Calcium Channel Blockers/*pharmacology, Conditioning, Discrimination Learning/*drug effects, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Generalization, Isradipine/*pharmacology, Male, Operant/*drug effects, Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior, Rats, Schechter M D, Sprague-Dawley, Stimulus/*drug effects

Discriminative stimulus properties of CGS 9896: interactions within the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor complex.

Male rats were trained to discriminate the stimulus effects of CGS 9896 (30.0 mg/kg) from its vehicle. Once trained, discriminative performance was observed to be dose-responsive in the 3.75-30.0 mg/kg range and analysis of the dose-response curve…

Discriminative stimulus properties of CGS 10746B: similarity to dopamine D1 receptor antagonists.

CGS 10746B is an imidazole-derivative related to the atypical antipsychotic clozapine which produces a decrease in dopamine release without altering dopamine metabolism or occupying D2 receptors. Rats were trained on an appetitively-motivated,…

Discriminative stimulus effect of phenylephrine.

Rats were trained to discriminate phenylephrine in a two-lever, food-motivated operant task by increasing the i.p. administered training dose from 0.8 to 2 mg/kg. Stable discrimination to 2 mg/kg phenylephrine was established and testing of 0.5-2.5…

Discriminative effects of cocaethylene in rats trained to discriminate cocaine or ethanol.

Two groups of rats were trained to discriminate between the stimulus properties of either intraperitoneally administered 10.0 mg/kg cocaine or 60 mg/kg ethanol and its vehicle in a two-lever operant chamber. Once trained, both groups exhibited a…

Tags: 1994, Animals, Cocaine/*analogs & derivatives/*pharmacology, Discrimination Learning/*drug effects, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Drug Interactions, Ethanol/*pharmacology, Inbred Strains, Life sciences, Male, Rats, Schechter M D

Discriminative characteristics of high and low cocaine administration: effect of other psychostimulants.

Two groups of N/Nih male rats were trained to discriminate saline vehicle from either 2.0 mg/kg (n = 10) or 10.0 mg/kg (n = 10) cocaine in a food-motivated, two-lever operant paradigm. The rats trained at the low-dose cocaine took a significantly…

Discrimination of cocaethylene in rats trained to discriminate between its components.

Two groups of eight male Normalized/National Institutes of Health (N/Nih) rats were used in a food-motivated, 2-lever drug discrimination task with one group being trained to discriminate between 10 mg/kg cocaine vs. 1 g/kg ethanol, whereas the…

Tags: 1997, Animals, Cocaine/*analogs & derivatives/*pharmacology, Discrimination Learning/*drug effects, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Ethanol/*pharmacology, European journal of pharmacology, Male, Rats, Schechter M D

Discrete versus cumulative dosing in dose-response discrimination studies.

This study describes the results of a 'side-by-side' comparison of two measurement techniques and two dosing regimens in a discrimination study using rats trained to either 10 mg/kg cocaine or 2 mg/kg 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA). The…

Tags: 1997, 4-methylenedioxyamphetamine/*pharmacology, Animals, Chemical, Cocaine/*pharmacology, Discrimination Learning/*drug effects, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Drug Administration Schedule, Drug Evaluation, European journal of pharmacology, Male, N-Methyl-3, Preclinical, Rats, Schechter M D, Sprague-Dawley, Stimulation

Direct microinjection of cathinone into the rat brain produces discriminative stimuli.

Rats were trained to discriminate IP administration of 800 micrograms/kg cathinone using a food-motivated, two-lever discrimination procedure. Following training, 800 micrograms/kg cathinone discrimination was produced (generalized) by lower…

Differential training sequence effect upon psychostimulant discrimination.

1. Previous studies indicate that rats trained to discriminate either cathinone or cathine from its vehicle have a diminished discriminative performance when tested 24 hours after a drug administration when compared to tests conducted after a vehicle…

Tags: 1993, Alkaloids/pharmacology, Animals, Appetite Depressants/pharmacology, Central Nervous System Stimulants/*pharmacology, Discrimination Learning/*drug effects, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Food, Male, Phenylpropanolamine/pharmacology, Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry, Psychotropic Drugs/pharmacology, Rats, Reinforcement Schedule, Schechter M D, Sprague-Dawley

Differences in response to the aversive properties and activity effects of low dose ethanol in LAS and HAS selectively bred rats.

Rats selectively bred for high alcohol sleep times (HAS) and those that are less affected (LAS) by hypnotic doses (3.0-3.6 g/kg) of ethanol were tested for differential responses to the aversive effects of 1.0 g/kg ethanol in a conditioned place…

Tags: 1992, Animals, Avoidance Learning/*drug effects, Conditioning, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Ethanol/*pharmacology, Krimmer E C, Motor Activity/drug effects, Operant/drug effects, Psychopharmacology, Rats, Schechter M D, Sleep/drug effects, Species Specificity

Conditioned place preference produced by the psychostimulant cathinone.

Previous work has indicated that the psychostimulant cathinone produces a location preference in the conditioned place preference task. The present study expanded upon this earlier work by examining the dose-response nature of cathinone-induced…

Tags: 1993, Alkaloids/administration & dosage/*pharmacology, Animals, Central Nervous System Stimulants/administration & dosage/*pharmacology, Choice Behavior/drug effects, Conditioning (Psychology)/drug effects, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, European journal of pharmacology, Habituation, Male, Meehan S M, Motor Activity/*drug effects, Psychophysiologic, Rats, Schechter M D, Sprague-Dawley

Conditioned place aversion produced by dopamine release inhibition.

CGS 10746B, a dopamine release inhibitor with properties similar to the atypical antipsychotic clozapine, was assessed as to its behavioral properties using spontaneous locomotor activity and the conditioned place preference test. Rats conditioned…

Comparison of the behavioral effects of ibogaine from three sources: mediation of discriminative activity.

Ibogaine is an alkaloid employed for its hallucinatory properties in West Central Africa which has been the subject of alleged efficacy as an aid in the interruption and treatment of chemical dependency. The major sources of the Schedule I agent are:…

Tags: *Discrimination (Psychology), 1993, Animal/*drug effects, Animals, Behavior, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, European journal of pharmacology, Gordon T L, Ibogaine/*pharmacology, Male, Rats, Schechter M D, Serotonin Receptor Agonists/pharmacology, Sprague-Dawley

Comparison of anorectic drugs in rats trained to discriminate between satiation and deprivation.

Eight male rats were trained to discriminate between the internal states produced by food deprivation of 3 hours (satiation) and that produced by food deprivation of 27 hours duration (deprivation). One lever, in a two-lever operant chamber, had to…

Tags: *Food Deprivation, 1990, Amphetamine/*pharmacology, Analysis of Variance, Animals, Discrimination Learning/*drug effects, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Fenfluramine/*analogs & derivatives/*pharmacology, Inbred Strains, Life sciences, Male, Norfenfluramine/*pharmacology, Rats, Satiation/*drug effects, Schechter M D

Cocaine discrimination is attenuated by isradipine and CGS 10746B.

The discriminative stimulus properties of cocaine are thought to be mediated by dopaminergic mechanisms that may be modulated by calcium ion influx and/or interact with 5-hydroxytryptamine3 (5-HT3) receptors. To test these possibilities, rats were…

Cocaethylene-induced lethality in mice is potentiated by alcohol.

Mice of the heterogeneously bred HS line were concurrently administered intraperitoneal injections of either 95, 75, 60, or 48 mg/kg cocaethylene or 48, 38, or 30 mg/kg cocaethylene in conjunction with the non-lethal dose of 6.0 g/kg (20% w/v)…

Tags: 1995, Alcohol (Fayetteville, N.Y.), Animals, Cocaine/*analogs & derivatives/poisoning, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Drug Synergism, Ethanol/*pharmacology, Female, Inbred Strains, Lethal Dose 50, Male, Meehan S M, Mice, Schechter M D

Cocaethylene produces discriminative stimulus properties in the rat: effect of cocaine and ethanol coadministration.

Experimentally naive Sprague-Dawley male rats were trained to discriminate the interoceptive stimulus cues produced by either 10.0 mg/kg cocaine or 10.0 mg/kg cocaethylene from their saline vehicles. Although it required more sessions to train the…

Tags: 1995, Animals, Cocaine/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacokinetics/*pharmacology, Discrimination (Psychology)/*drug effects, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Ethanol/pharmacokinetics/*pharmacology, Male, Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior, Rats, Reinforcement Schedule, Schechter M D, Sprague-Dawley

Clinical impact of temporary therapy interruptions on anticoagulation control in patients treated with warfarin.

This retrospective cohort study was completed to describe the impact of short-term therapy interruptions on anticoagulation control in patients receiving warfarin. Patients seen in a pharmacist-managed anticoagulation clinic were included if they…

Chemopreventive doses of resveratrol do not produce cardiotoxicity in a rodent model of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), one of the most lethal cancers, results in more than one million fatalities worldwide every year. In view of the limited therapeutic alternatives and poor prognosis of liver cancer, preventive control approaches,…

Tags: *Chemoprevention, 2011, Analysis of Variance, Animal, Animal Studies, Animal/drug effects, Animals, Antioxidants, Behavior, Bishayee Anupam, Blotting, Booth Tristan D, Carcinoma, Cardiotoxicity, Cardiotoxins/*toxicity, Chemoprevention, Data Analysis Software, Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Descriptive Statistics, Disease Models, Doppler, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Echocardiography, Feeding Behavior/drug effects, Female, Fisher's Exact Test, Funding Source, Heart – Drug Effects, Heart/drug effects/physiopathology, Hepatocellular – Prevention and Control, Hepatocellular/*drug therapy/pathology/physiopathology, Hepatocytes/drug effects/pathology, Hodnichak Cheryl M, Humans, Investigational new drugs, Liver Neoplasms/*drug therapy/pathology/physiopathology, Liver/drug effects/pathology/physiopathology, Luther Daniel J, Meszaros J Gary, NEOMED College of Medicine, Ohanyan Vahagn, Polyphenols – Therapeutic Use, Rats, Resveratrol, Shamhart Patricia E, Sisakian Hamayak, Sprague-Dawley, Stilbenes/*therapeutic use, Systole/drug effects, Western

CGS 10746B is able to attenuate the effects of amphetamine: further evidence for dopaminergic mediation.

Previous results indicate that agents which either decreases synthesis or block postsynaptic dopamine receptors will attenuate the discriminative stimulus produced by d-amphetamine. CGS 10746B has been reported to decrease dopamine release without…

Tags: 1988, Alkaloids/pharmacology, Animals, Antipsychotic Agents/*pharmacology, Apomorphine/pharmacology, Boja J W, Cocaine/pharmacology, Conditioning, Dextroamphetamine/antagonists & inhibitors/*pharmacology, Discrimination (Psychology)/*drug effects, Dopamine/*physiology, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Male, Operant/drug effects, Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior, Rats, Schechter M D, Thiazepines/*pharmacology

Calcium channel blockade attenuates angiotensin II-induced drinking in rats.

Lateral ventricular administration of angiotensin II (ANG II) produces potent dipsogenic effects in water-sated rats. ANG II seems to require functional voltage-gated calcium channels on neurons throughout circumventricular brain sites to exert its…

Tags: 1993, Amino Acid Sequence, Angiotensin II/*antagonists & inhibitors/pharmacology, Animals, Brain research bulletin, Calcagnetti D J, Calcium Channel Blockers/administration & dosage/*pharmacology, Dimethyl Sulfoxide/pharmacology, Dose-Response Relationship, Drinking Behavior/*drug effects, Drug, Injections, Intraventricular, Isradipine/pharmacology, Male, Molecular Sequence Data, Rats, Schechter M D, Sprague-Dawley

Biphasic effects of ethanol tested with drug discrimination in HAD and LAD rats.

Seventh-generation selectively bred high-alcohol-drinking (HAD) and low-alcohol-drinking (LAD) rats were trained to make differential responses for ethanol (0.75 g/kg, IP) and saline vehicle, following postadministration intervals (PI) of 2 min…

Tags: 1992, Alcohol Drinking/genetics/*psychology, Animals, Discrimination (Psychology)/*drug effects, Discrimination Learning/drug effects, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Ethanol/*pharmacology, Inbred Strains, Krimmer E C, Male, Pentobarbital/pharmacology, Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior, Rats, Serotonin Antagonists/pharmacology, Sleep/drug effects, Time Factors, Tropanes/pharmacology

Behavioral effects of N-ethyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDE; "EVE").

Eight male rats were trained to discriminate 2.0 mg/kg

Tags: 1987, 3, 4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, 4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine/analogs & derivatives/*pharmacology, Amphetamines/*pharmacology, Animals, Boja J W, Discrimination (Psychology), Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Inbred Strains, Legislation, Male, N-Methyl-3, Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior, Rats, Schechter M D, Time Factors, United States

Attenuation of drinking sweetened water following calcium channel blockade.

Recent reports cite results that both cocaine-induced conditioned place preference and activity stimulation are attenuated by pretreatment with the calcium channel blocker isradipine (ISR) in rats. By blocking voltage-dependent

Associations between Difficulty Paying Medical Bills and Forgone Medical and Prescription Drug Care.

Problems paying medical bills have been reported to be associated with increased stress, bankruptcy, and forgone medical care. Using the Behavioral Model for Vulnerable Populations developed by Gelberg et al as a framework, as well as data from the…

Antitumor efficacy and tolerability of systemically administered gallium acetylacetonate-loaded gelucire-stabilized nanoparticles.

The widespread clinical success with most gallium compounds in cancer therapy is markedly hampered by lack of tumor specific accumulation, poor tumor permeability and undesirable toxicity to healthy tissues. The aim of this work was to investigate…

Antitumor activities of extracts from selected desert plants against HepG2 human hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

CONTEXT: Phytochemicals are produced by desert plants to protect themselves against stressful environments. They have been shown to be useful in preventing and fighting adverse pathophysiological conditions and complex diseases, including cancer.…

Antiepileptics inhibit cortical N-methyl-D-aspartate-evoked [3H]norepinephrine efflux.

The antiepileptic drugs phenytoin, valproic acid and phenobarbital were examined for their ability to inhibit N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-stimulated [3H]norepinephrine efflux from rat brain cortical slices. All three drugs inhibited efflux at varying…

Tags: 1994, Animals, Anticonvulsants/*pharmacology, Brown L M, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, European journal of pharmacology, Female, Lee Y P, Male, N-Methylaspartate/*antagonists & inhibitors, Norepinephrine/*metabolism, Rats, Teyler T J

Anti-Inflammatory Mechanism Involved in Pomegranate-Mediated Prevention of Breast Cancer: the Role of NF-kappaB and Nrf2 Signaling Pathways.

Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.), a nutrient-rich unique fruit, has been used for centuries for the prevention and treatment of various inflammation-driven diseases. Based on our previous study, a characterized pomegranate emulsion (PE) exhibited a…

Tags: 10-Dimethyl-1, 2-benzanthracene/toxicity, 2017, 9, Animal Studies, Animals, Anti-Inflammatory Agents/*pharmacology, anti-inflammatory effects, Anticarcinogenic Agents/pharmacology, Apoptosis/drug effects, Bhatia Deepak, Bishayee Anupam, Breast Neoplasms, breast tumor, Cell Transformation, Chemoprevention, COX-2, Cyclooxygenase 2/genetics/metabolism, DMBA, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Experimental/*prevention & control, Female, Gene Expression Regulation, HSP90, HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins/genetics/metabolism, I-kappa B Kinase/genetics/metabolism, Inflammation Mediators, Mammary Neoplasms, Mandal Animesh, Neoplasms – Prevention and Control, Neoplastic, Neoplastic/drug effects, NF-E2-Related Factor 2/genetics/*metabolism, NF-kappa B/genetics/*metabolism, NF-kappaB, Nrf2, Nutrients, Physical Education and Training, Plant Preparations/*pharmacology, Pomegranate, Punica granatum, Punicaceae/*chemistry, Rats, Signal Transduction

An open-label dose escalation study to evaluate the safety of administration of nonviral stromal cell-derived factor-1 plasmid to treat symptomatic ischemic heart failure.

RATIONALE: Preclinical studies indicate that adult stem cells induce tissue repair by activating endogenous stem cells through the stromal cell-derived factor-1:chemokine receptor type 4 axis. JVS-100 is a DNA plasmid encoding human stromal…

Age-related changes in the spinal antinociceptive effects of DAGO, DPDPE and beta-endorphin in the rat.

These studies were designed to investigate how the aging process alters the spinal antinociceptive efficacy of mu (mu), delta (delta) and epsilon (epsilon) opioid receptor agonists administered intrathecally (i.t.) in rats. Various doses of the mu…

Advantages and disadvantages of a rapid method to train drug discrimination.

In an effort to reduce the often extensive period of time needed to train rats to discriminate between a drugged and nondrugged state, a fast training regimen was employed with 1.5 mg/kg 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) used as the training…

Tags: 1988, 3, 4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, 4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine/analogs & derivatives/*pharmacology, Amphetamines/*pharmacology, Animals, Discrimination Learning/*drug effects, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Drug Tolerance, Male, Methods, N-Methyl-3, Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior, Rats, Schechter M D

Acute exercise enhances nitric oxide modulation of vascular response to phenylephrine.

The influence of the release of endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO) on the vasoconstrictor response to phenylephrine (PE) was evaluated before and after a single bout of dynamic exercise. Each rat ran on a motor-driven treadmill at

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