Browse Items · NEOMED Bibliography Database

Farnesoid X receptor activation increases reverse cholesterol transport by modulating bile acid composition and cholesterol absorption in mice.

UNLABELLED: Activation of farnesoid X receptor (FXR) markedly attenuates development of atherosclerosis in animal models. However, the underlying mechanism is not well elucidated. Here, we show that the FXR agonist, obeticholic acid (OCA), increases…

Alteration in L-DOPA evoked dopamine and DOPAC output under conditions of impaired vesicular dopamine storage.

We examined the effect of L-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) infusion in vitro upon dopamine (DA) and dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) output from superfused corpus striatum of vehicle and reserpine or tetrabenazine (TBZ) treated male rats.…

Tags: 1998, 3, 4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid/*metabolism, Animals, Dluzen D E, Dopamine Agents/*pharmacology, Dopamine/*metabolism, Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996), Levodopa/*pharmacology, Male, Pharmaceutical Vehicles, Rats, Reserpine/pharmacology, Sprague-Dawley, Synaptic Vesicles/*drug effects/metabolism, Tetrabenazine/pharmacology, Xu K

L-DOPA modulation of corpus striatal dopamine and dihydroxyphenylacetic acid output from intact and 6-OHDA lesioned rats.

In the present report we examined the differences in in vitro dopamine (DA) and dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) efflux from the corpus striatum (CS) of intact versus 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesioned (in substantia nigra) male rats in response…

Tags: *Sympathectomy, 1996, 3, 4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid/*metabolism, Animals, Antiparkinson Agents/*pharmacology, Chemical, Corpus Striatum/drug effects/*metabolism, Dluzen D E, Dopamine/*metabolism, Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996), Levodopa/*pharmacology, Male, Oxidopamine, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Substantia Nigra/drug effects/metabolism, Xu K

The effect of GDNF on nigrostriatal dopaminergic function in response to a two-pulse K(+) stimulation.

We examined the effect of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) upon nigrostriatal dopaminergic function in response to two-pulse potassium (K(+)) stimulation in rats under in vivo microdialysis conditions. The two-pulse infusion…

Hepatic carboxylesterase 1 is induced by glucose and regulates postprandial glucose levels.

Metabolic syndrome, characterized by obesity, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and hypertension, increases the risks for cardiovascular disease, diabetes and stroke. Carboxylesterase 1 (CES1) is an enzyme that hydrolyzes triglycerides and cholesterol…

Carboxylesterase 1 Is Regulated by Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4alpha and Protects Against Alcohol- and MCD diet-induced Liver Injury.

The liver is a major organ that controls hepatic and systemic homeostasis. Dysregulation of liver metabolism may cause liver injury. Previous studies have demonstrated that carboxylesterase 1 (CES1) regulates hepatic triglyceride metabolism and…

Hepatic carboxylesterase 1 is essential for both normal and farnesoid X receptor-controlled lipid homeostasis.

UNLABELLED: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the major health concerns worldwide. Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is considered a therapeutic target for treatment of NAFLD. However, the mechanism by which activation of FXR lowers hepatic…

Aberrant induction of Par-4 is involved in apoptosis of hippocampal neurons in presenilin-1 M146V mutant knock-in mice.

Mutations in presenilin-1 (PS-1) have been shown to increase neuronal vulnerability to apoptosis in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Par-4 is a novel cell-death-promoting protein associated with neuronal degeneration in AD. We previously reported that, in…

Structure and functions of human oxysterol 7alpha-hydroxylase cDNAs and gene CYP7B1.

Oxysterol 7alpha-hydroxylase has broad substrate specificity for sterol metabolites and may be involved in many metabolic processes including bile acid synthesis and neurosteroid metabolism. The cloned human oxysterol 7alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7B1) cDNA…

Binding of sequence-specific proteins to the 3'-untranslated region of vasoactive intestinal peptide mRNA.

Multimeric AUUUA elements in an AU-rich 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) have been shown to confer message instability to numerous ephemeral transcripts through the formation of RNA-protein complexes. We show here that the 3'-UTR of VIP mRNA, which…

Tamoxifen increases methamphetamine-evoked dopamine output from superfused striatal tissue fragments of male mice.

The antiestrogen, tamoxifen (TMX), has been shown to function as a neuroprotectant against the nigrostriatal dopaminergic (NSDA) neurotoxin, methamphetamine (MA), within male mice. In the present report, we examined the effects of a combined infusion…

Tags: 2004, Animals, Brain research, Corpus Striatum/*drug effects/*metabolism, Dluzen Dean E, Dopamine Agents/*pharmacology, Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins, Dopamine/*metabolism, Drug Synergism, Estrogen Antagonists/*pharmacology, Inbred Strains, Male, Membrane Glycoproteins/metabolism, Membrane Transport Proteins/metabolism, Methamphetamine/*pharmacology, Mice, Nerve Tissue Proteins/metabolism, Tamoxifen/*pharmacology, Willett Matthew C

DNA methylation predicts age and provides insight into exceptional longevity of bats.

Exceptionally long-lived species, including many bats, rarely show overt signs of aging, making it difficult to determine why species differ in lifespan. Here, we use DNA methylation (DNAm) profiles from 712 known-age bats, representing 26 species,…

Neural processing of target distance by echolocating bats: functional roles of the auditory midbrain.

Using their biological sonar, bats estimate distance to avoid obstacles and capture moving prey. The primary distance cue is the delay between the bat's emitted echolocation pulse and the return of an echo. The mustached bat's auditory midbrain…

Tags: 2011, Animals, Auditory Cortex/physiology, Auditory Pathways/*physiology, Auditory Perception/*physiology, Brain Mapping/psychology, Chiroptera/*physiology, College of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Echolocation/*physiology, Inferior Colliculi/*physiology, Models, NEOMED College of Medicine, Neurological, Neurons/physiology, Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews, Portfors Christine V, Wenstrup Jeffrey J

Inputs to combination-sensitive neurons of the inferior colliculus.

In the mustached bat, combination-sensitive neurons display integrative responses to combinations of acoustic elements in biosonar or social vocalizations. One type of combination-sensitive neuron responds to multiple harmonics of the…

Tags: *Brain Mapping, 1999, Acoustic Stimulation, Animals, Auditory, Brain Stem/*physiology, Chiroptera/*physiology, College of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Evoked Potentials, Grose C D, Inferior Colliculi/*physiology, Mittmann D H, NEOMED College of Medicine, Neurons/*physiology, The Journal of comparative neurology, Wenstrup J J

Spectral integration in the inferior colliculus: role of glycinergic inhibition in response facilitation.

This study examined the contribution of glycinergic inhibition to the time-sensitive spectral integration performed by neurons in the inferior colliculus of the mustached bat (Pteronotus parnellii). These neurons are sometimes called…

Projections of physiologically defined subdivisions of the inferior colliculus in the mustached bat: targets in the medial geniculate body and extrathalamic nuclei.

This study examined the output of the central nucleus of the inferior colliculus to the medial geniculate body and other parts of the nervous system in the mustached bat (Pteronotus parnellii). Small deposits of anterograde tracers (horseradish…

Tags: 1994, Acoustic Stimulation, Animals, Axons/ultrastructure, Brain Mapping, Chiroptera/*physiology, College of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Geniculate Bodies/*physiology, Inferior Colliculi/*physiology, Larue D T, NEOMED College of Medicine, Neural Pathways/*physiology, Synaptic Transmission, Thalamic Nuclei/*physiology, The Journal of comparative neurology, Wenstrup J J, Winer J A

Inputs to combination-sensitive neurons in the medial geniculate body of the mustached bat: the missing fundamental.

This study examined projections to combination-sensitive neurons in the medial geniculate body of the mustached bat. These specialized neurons respond to the combination of two temporally and spectrally distinct components of the bat's sonar pulse…

Frequency organization and responses to complex sounds in the medial geniculate body of the mustached bat.

The auditory cortex of the mustached bat (Pteronotus parnellii) displays some of the most highly developed physiological and organizational features described in mammalian auditory cortex. This study examines response properties and organization in…

Tags: *Brain Mapping, 1999, Animal, Animals, Auditory Cortex/*physiology, Auditory Perception/*physiology, Chiroptera/*physiology, College of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Electrophysiology/methods, Geniculate Bodies/*physiology, Journal of neurophysiology, NEOMED College of Medicine, Neurons/*physiology, Pitch Discrimination/*physiology, Reaction Time, Ultrasonics, Vocalization, Wenstrup J J

Trimethyltin intoxication induces the migration of ventricular/subventricular zone cells to the injured murine hippocampus.

Following the postnatal decline of cell proliferation in the mammalian central nervous system, the adult brain retains progenitor cells with stem cell-like properties in the subventricular zone (SVZ) and the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the hippocampus.…

Biocompatibility and in vivo tolerability of a new class of photoresponsive alkoxylphenacyl-based polycarbonates.

Potential toxicities of chromophoric or polymeric units of most photoresponsive delivery systems have impacted clinical relevance. Herein, we evaluated the biocompatibility and tolerability of alkoxylphenacyl-based polycarbonates (APPs) as a new…

Effects of gelucire content on stability, macrophage interaction and blood circulation of nanoparticles engineered from nanoemulsions.

The main objective of the study is to investigate the efficacy of Gelucire 44/14 (gelucire) in facilitating formation of cetyl alcohol (CA)-based nanoparticle (NP) and to assess the effects on key NP properties and functions. NPs from oil-in-water…

Biocompatibility, efficacy and biodistribution of Gelucire-stabilized nanoparticles engineered for docetaxel delivery.

Docetaxel is a potent anticancer agent that will benefit greatly from alternative delivery systems that can overcome several reported adverse effects due to the drug itself and/or the solvent system in the current clinical formulation. In this…

Tags: *Biocompatible Materials, *Nanoparticles, 2012, Animals, Antineoplastic Agents/*administration & dosage/pharmacokinetics/pharmacology, Bi Lipeng, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Docetaxel, Geldenhuys Werner J, Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology, Macrophage Activation/drug effects, NEOMED College of Pharmacy, Oyewumi Moses O, Platelet Aggregation/drug effects, Rats, Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism, Taxoids/*administration & dosage/pharmacokinetics/pharmacology, Tissue Distribution, Wehrung Daniel

Formulation and photoirradiation parameters that influenced photoresponsive drug delivery using alkoxylphenacyl-based polycarbonates.

Recently, we reported the synthesis and biocompatibility of alkoxylphenacyl-based polycarbonates (APP); a promising new class of polymers that undergo photo-induced chain scission. In the current study, nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared from the APP…

Antitumor efficacy and tolerability of systemically administered gallium acetylacetonate-loaded gelucire-stabilized nanoparticles.

The widespread clinical success with most gallium compounds in cancer therapy is markedly hampered by lack of tumor specific accumulation, poor tumor permeability and undesirable toxicity to healthy tissues. The aim of this work was to investigate…

Validation of Growth Layer Group (GLG) depositional rate using daily incremental growth lines in the dentin of beluga (Delphinapterus leucas (Pallas, 1776)) teeth.

Counts of Growth Layer Groups (GLGs) in the dentin of marine mammal teeth are widely used as indicators of age. In most marine mammals, observations document that GLGs are deposited yearly, but in beluga whales, some studies have supported the view…

Tags: *Beluga Whale, 2018, Animals, Dentin/*growth & development, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, NEOMED College of Medicine, Ortiz Joseph D, PloS one, Suydam Robert S, Thewissen J G M, Tooth/*growth & development, Waugh David A

An update on the association of vitamin D deficiency with common infectious diseases.

Vitamin D plays an important role in modulating the immune response to infections. Deficiency of vitamin D is a common condition, affecting both the general population and patients in health care facilities. Over the last decade, an increasing body…

A formidable foe: carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and emerging nonantibiotic therapies.

A three-dimensional digital neurological atlas of the mustached bat (Pteronotus parnellii).

Substantial knowledge of auditory processing within mammalian nervous systems emerged from neurophysiological studies of the mustached bat (Pteronotus parnellii). This highly social and vocal species retrieves precise information about the velocity…

Equatorius: a new hominoid genus from the Middle Miocene of Kenya.

A partial hominoid skeleton just older than 15 million years from sediments in the Tugen Hills of north central Kenya mandates a revision of the hominoid genus Kenyapithecus, a possible early member of the great ape-human clade. The Tugen Hills…

Synaptic activity-induced Ca(2+) signaling in avian cochlear nucleus magnocellularis neurons.

Neurons of the avian cochlear nucleus magnocellularis (NM) receive glutamatergic inputs from the spiral ganglion cells via the auditory nerve and feedback GABAergic inputs primarily from the superior olivary nucleus. We investigated regulation of…

Myeloid Cell-Specific Lipin-1 Deficiency Stimulates Endocrine Adiponectin-FGF15 Axis and Ameliorates Ethanol-Induced Liver Injury in Mice.

Lipin-1 is a phosphatidate phosphohydrolase (PAP) required for the generation of diacylglycerol during glycerolipid synthesis, and exhibits dual functions in the regulation of lipid metabolism. Lipin-1 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of…

Stability of myosin heavy chain isoforms in selectively denervated adult rat muscle spindles.

BACKGROUND: Rat intrafusal fibers consist of multiple isoforms of myosin heavy chains (MHCs) whose expression involves complex interactions among motor neurons, sensory neurons, and muscle cells during spindle development. Little is known about the…

Afferent-inherent regulation of myosin heavy chain isoforms in rat muscle spindles.

Whether afferents exert their morphogenetic influence on spindles through release of trophic factors at intrafusal fiber junctions or via participation in proprioceptive pathways which modulate the motor activity to muscles was investigated by…

Non-neural and neural expression of myosin heavy chains by regenerated intrafusal fibers of rats.

Expression of myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms was studied in rat soleus (SOL) and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles which regenerated in the presence or absence of innervation. Frozen sections of two 5 day denervated SOL and EDL grafts, two…

Tags: *Muscle Denervation, *Nerve Regeneration, 1991, Afferent/*metabolism, Animals, Female, Inbred Strains, Kucera J, Motor Endplate/metabolism, Muscles/*metabolism/transplantation, Myosins/analysis/*biosynthesis, Narvy R, Neurons, Neuroscience letters, Organ Specificity, Rats, Walro J M

Innervation of regenerated spindles in muscle grafts of the rat.

Features of the nerve supply and the encapsulated fibers of muscle spindles were assessed in grafted and normal extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles of rats by analysis of serial 10-microns frozen transverse sections stained for enzymes which…

Sharing of sensory terminals between the dynamic bag1 and static bag2 fibers in the rat muscle spindle.

The nuclear bag1 intrafusal fiber mediates the dynamic (velocity) sensitivity, whereas the nuclear bag2 and nuclear chain fibers mediate the static (length) sensitivity of muscle spindles to stretch. The pattern of branching of primary and secondary…

Tags: 1987, Afferent/*ultrastructure, Animals, Axons/ultrastructure, Brain research, Female, Inbred Strains, Kucera J, Muscle Spindles/*ultrastructure, Nerve Fibers/*ultrastructure, Neurons, Rats, Walro J M

Comment on rat soleus muscle spindles.

Tags: 1990, Animals, Axons/physiology/ultrastructure, Cats, Electron, Hindlimb/*ultrastructure, Journal of anatomy, Kucera J, Microscopy, Muscle Spindles/*ultrastructure, Myelin Sheath/physiology, Rats/*anatomy & histology, Walro J M

Why adult mammalian intrafusal and extrafusal fibers contain different myosin heavy-chain isoforms.

Multiple isoforms of the contractile protein myosin are present in mammalian skeletal muscles. The diversity of the heavy-chain subunits of myosin (MyHCs) in intrafusal fibers is thought to reflect a pathway of differentiation that is unique to…

Development of bone and cartilage in tissue-engineered human middle phalanx models.

Human middle phalanges were tissue-engineered with midshaft scaffolds of poly(L-lactide-epsilon-caprolactone) [P(LA-CL)], hydroxyapatite-P(LA-CL), or beta-tricalcium phosphate-P(LA-CL) and end plate scaffolds of bovine chondrocyte-seeded polyglycolic…

Tags: *Models, 2009, Aggrecans/genetics/metabolism, Animals, Biological, Bone Development/drug effects/*physiology, Calcium Phosphates/pharmacology, Cartilage/cytology/drug effects/*growth & development, Cattle, Chondrocytes/cytology/drug effects/metabolism, Collagen Type II/genetics/metabolism, Durapatite/pharmacology, Electron, Enjo Mitsuhiro, Experimental, Finger Phalanges/cytology/diagnostic imaging/drug effects/*physiology, Gene Expression Profiling, Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects, Humans, Implants, Integrin-Binding Sialoprotein, Isogai Noritaka, Jacquet Robin, Landis William J, Lowder Elizabeth, Mice, Microscopy, Paraffin Embedding, Periosteum/cytology/drug effects, Polyesters/pharmacology, Radiography, Scanning, Sialoglycoproteins/genetics/metabolism, Tissue engineering. Part A, Tissue Engineering/*methods, Tissue Scaffolds/chemistry, Wada Yoshitaka

Intracellular recording reveals temporal integration in inferior colliculus neurons of awake bats.

The central nucleus of the inferior colliculus (IC) is a major integrative center in the central auditory system. It receives information from both the ascending and descending auditory pathways. To determine how single IC neurons integrate…

Tags: 2007, Acoustic Stimulation, Animals, Chiroptera/*physiology, Data Interpretation, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Electrophysiology, Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials/physiology, Galazyuk A V, Inferior Colliculi/cytology/*physiology, Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials/physiology, Journal of neurophysiology, Microelectrodes, NEOMED College of Medicine, Neurons/*physiology, Pitch Perception, Statistical, Voytenko S V

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